abolong 1v To intentionally swallow. 1.1v A command to swallow something, such as food or medicine. Abolonga nu ka tambal. Swallow the medicine. 2vs Can be swallowed; [with negative] cannot be swallowed Ka konò ogka-abolong no lisuon unawa to mangga woy ka pangi, sikan dò ka og-amulan. The center/seed which cannot be swallowed like the [seeds of] the mango or the pangi [fruit], those are the only ones which can be sucked on. 3vs To be able to swallow.
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abolongan n 1Esophagus. 2Adam's apple. gen: li-og 2.
agkud n 1A sweet, dessert-like cooked staple such as rice, corn or millet mixed with sugarcane sap and wrapped in a leaf and buried. Eaten after two days. Iglobong diò to tanò to daruwa no allow ka pogbatuk to sikan no agkud. Oglong-ug di mo-omis. That which turns into the agkud staple is buried in the ground for two days. It sours/forments but it is sweet. [The product of the souring or fermentation of the mixture of ingredients is called agkud. It is described as sweet.] 2The early product or process of making agkud from a mixture or two or more staples such as corn and rice which is wrapped in leaves and buried for two days to form the dessert-like akud. Ka inagkud, ogpokogsolug ka agoloy to homoy no ogkoimu no agkud. [As for] inagkud, corn and rice are mixed together which will become agkud. [ Inagkud is the name of the mixture, or if affixed as a verb, of the process of mixing certain staples together to form a sweetened mixture of various staples. This mixture is then wrapped in leaves and buried in the ground for two days where it forments and swells to form the finished agkud which is sticky and something like biku. When it is dug up it is ready to eat.] 2.1A sweet preparation similar to inagkud but made with many ingredients.
agpot 1n To be an outsider , that is, someone who is living in a location other than his own. Ko oghalin ki diò songo ugpa-an, mgo agpot ki rò. Agad duma ta no Manobò, mgo agpot ki rod su konò no ugpa-an ta. If we move to another place, we are just outsiders. Even if they are our fellow Manobos, we are still outsiders because it is not our place. ant: sakup 2. 2n Foreigner, that is, someone who resides in a country where he/she is not a citizen. Ogkohingaran to agpot kow kai to Pilipinas su sakup ka to songo ugpa-an. You are called foreigners here in the Philippines because you are subjects of another country. 3n A person who lives on someone else's property; displaced person. Ko warò tanò dan, mgo agpot sikandan. If they don't have land they are residing on someone else's land. [The Ata Manobo term agpot applies to a renter or someone who has permission to live on someone else's land. It does not have the negative connotation of the English term “squatter”. However, the people who dwell on a dump would be considered agpot because it is not considered that it is an appropriate place to live.] 4v To go somewhere for a short stay. Si Lita, nignangon ki Mery to diò oghibat to kandin. Nig-agpot si Mery su nig-amut on to songo kausiloman dò. Lita told Mery to sleep (lit. lay down) at their place. Mery stayed a short time with them because she joined [them] for only one night. [In the following example, DB says the verbal form applies but Mary is not an agpot because she only stayed one night.] see: panumbaloy. 5n To be temporary residents of some place Mgo agpot ki rò kai to tanò. We are just resident aliens here on earth. Ko malayat ka pog-ugpò nu, sikan ka agpot su nig-amut ka. If your stay is long, that is the meaning of an resident alien because you have joined in [with those people]. [DB says the word can mean amut if it is in a temporary sense. See example. [original gloss: Mingle with.]] osyn: amut 1. 6v To stay somewhere for a short time Nig-agpot si Mery su nig-amut on to songo kausiloman dò. Mary stayed for a short time because she joined [them] for only one night. [In this case, a person does not become an agpot “alien” or “foreigner” because the intent is just a short visit.]
agpu-unan 1n To be afflicted by an illness believed to be a result of meeting a long-haired spirit while bathing in a river or stream. Ko du-on batò no ogdaralu no ungod ogparigus, ogkagi ka mgo buyag to na-agpu-unan su nalimuan to gamowgamow. If a child gets sick who is always bathing [in the river], the older people say that he afflicted by an evil spirit because he affected by a long-haired spirit [which lives in the water]. [Wherever the swelling is on a body of the child, the people believe that is where the hair of the spirit wrapped around the child’s body.] see fr.: gamowgamow; see: limuan; see fr.: limuan; see: gamowgamow. 2v To become ill from contact with a female spirit with long hair which lives near a stream or river. Ko duon ogdaralu no mgo batò no malasi ogpamarigus diò to woig, kagi to amoy, “Pitow ka. Na-agpu-unan ka.” If there are children who become ill who are often bathing in the river (lit. water), the father says, “See. You have become ill from a spirit source.” Ko du-on batò no ogdaralu no ungod ogparigus, ogkagi ka mgo buyag to na-agpu-unan su nalimuan to gamowgamow. If a child gets sick who is always bathing [in the river], the older people say that he afflicted by an evil spirit because he was affected by a long-haired spirit [which lives in the water]. [They believe that there is a female spirit with long hair called a gamowgamow who lives in the water. They believe that if an adult or child gets tangled in her hair while bathing, it will cause them to be ill. They also believe that unless a special spirit ceremony is performed to remove this illness, the person may die. They believe a withered calf is one form of this illness but any illness following bathing is suspect.] see: limuan; see: gamowgamow.
aguanta 1v To have stamina, strength or endurance to accomplish something. Ko hontow ka og-aguanta to ogduma, kandin ka ogka-alam. Whoever has stamina to come along, he/she will be chosen. see: manokal 1. 2v With negative, not to be able to bear or endure something . Konò ad og-aguanta to so-ini no dalu ku su nalugoy on. I cannot bear this illness of mine because it has [lasted] a long time. osyn: ponod 2.1. 3v To put up with, as a person. Og-aguantoon to maistra ka batò no og-ungod og-inso-insò. The teacher puts up with the child who is always asking questions. 4v To manage; with negative, not to be able to manage as to resolve some situation . Ko og-aguantoon nu rod ka so-i lawa ku no nigkogang on, awa-a nu su oyow ogmaroyow on. If you can manage [to heal] my body which has sores, remove them so that it will become well (lit. be good already). Konò og-aguanta si Joaquin no oghusoy to so-ini no problima su mabogat on lagboy. Joaquin cannot manage to resolve this problem because it is very difficult (lit. heavy.) see: honat 2. 5adj Patient. Ma-aguantoon ka Magbobo-ot. God is patient
alap v 1To bring something to a destination. Alap ka rò to sabun no mohomut. Just bring the fragrant soap. see fr.: ganuy 1; see fr.: baniwal 4. 1.1To take something somewhere. Ko du-on "jeep" no nasirà no awos no og-alapon diò to "shop" oyow ogdoyroyawon, songo igpaganuy rod to dangob no jeep. If there is a jeep which is broken down which need sto be taken to the shop to be repaired, it is also pulled by another jeep. spec: sakopu, utuk 1, baba, pangkul, ti-ang 1, bitbit 1, soy-ung, layap; see: hatod 2. 2To move or propel as fins move a fish through water. Ka alongaping, ian ka ogbo-ot to og-alap to lawa to sikan no ngalap. The fin by the fish's ear, that is what determines the movement (lit. carrying) of the body of that fish. 3To be carried away, as by water. Ko ogsamba, du-on baloy no ogka-alap. When [the river] floods, there are house(s) which are carried away. spec: alus 1; see fr.: anlas 3. 4To have someone to take something somewhere; send. 5(Fig) To be under someone's authority. Ko du-on diò to songo barrio on ka ogka-alap, inat to mgo sakup din tibò. If there are those in a some village who are under [someone's] authority (lit. carried by someone), it seems that they are all his subjects. 5.1(Fig) To carry a responsibility or hold authority. Si Joaquin pad ka naka-alap to katondanan to kapitanto Baranggay Gupitan. Joaquin is still the one who has held the position (lit. authority) of captain of Baranggay Gupitan. 5.1.1To be under someone's authority Ko du-on diò to songo barrio on ka ogka-alap, inat to mgo sakup din tibò. If there are those in a some village who are under [someone's] authority (lit. carried by someone), it seems that they are all his subjects. 6For something to be brought to someone. 6.1To be transmitted to, as an illness. Ko og-uma ka dalu no tiklas diò to songo ugpa-an, ko du-on ogpanumbaloy no ogligkat to sikan no ugpa-an, ogka-alapan ki to dalu. If an illness comes to some place, [and] if someone visits from that place, the illness will be transmitted (lit. inadvertantly carried) to us. see: halin 2.1. 6.2To be used in a certain way, as a word. Ian dò ogka-alapan no kinagian ko du-on duma ta no oghinggat to ogparigus no ogkagian ku to, “Alap ka rò to sabun no mohomut.” The only way the word is used (lit. the only [meaning] carried by the word) is if we have a companion whom [we] invite to go bathing with us and I say, "Just bring the fragrant soap".
alik 1v To use something such as a long pole as a lever to lift and move by leverage a heavier object such as a log. Og-alikon, sikan ka bunsud to ogbalikid. Og-alikon on oyow ogkaliid on. To lift and move by leverage, that is the beginning of turning [the log]. It is lifted and moved by leverage so it will roll. see fr.: su-an 2. 2v To jack up. Ko tongod to baloy no og-awos to ogmatikangon, og-alikan to nanoynanoy su awos to ogsongolan. Regarding a house which needs to be raised, it is jacked up slowly because it is necessary to block the space [made from the lift]. 3deriv n lever Ogpakasaad ka sikan no kayu no su-an no ian a-alikoy. The [piece of] sharpened wood, that is the lever which is put underneath [the log which one intends to move]. [The su-an is a sharpened stake which may be used as a dibble stick but which is also used as a lever for moving logs.] 3.1v That which is used as a lever.
alimotow 1v To miss someone, especially after a person has died. 2v To be homesick. Ko mananoy ogpakakita to duma ta, ogka-alimotow ki to ugpa-an ta. If we are unable to see our companions for a long time, we become homesick for our home place. 3vs To have had loneliness triggered. Du-on kai no ogko-ilingan to hari ni Elena no nigkita ku ka nigbayò diò to kalasara. Na-alimotow a su ogko-iling to hari ni Elena ka hinipanawan din woy ka langlanguan din. There was someone here who resembled the younger sister of Elena and I saw her pass by the road. It triggered loneliness in me because her walk and her face resembled Elena's younger sister. [If one sees someone who greatly resembles someone one knows, he is caused to think about that person. This can cause a mistake in identity and then surprise. If a song or an item of clothing causes us to think of a friend or relative who is deceased, the association can trigger the strong emotional pain of loss.] 4v To trigger grief. Tongod ko du-on amigu ta no maroyow to pogdumaruma ta di ko du-on kanta rin to Magbobo-ot di warad sikandin kai to tanò, ogka-alimotow ka ko ogpakarinog ka to sikan no kanta ko manokal pad kandin. Regarding if we have a friend with whom we had a good relationship (lit. our accompanying was good) but then if someone sings his song about God but he is no longer here on the earth, loneliness/grief will be triggered in you when you hear that song [which he sang] when he was still alive. Ogka-alimotow ki no lagboy no ogmasakit so goinawa ta. Memories of someone will be brought back and we will feel very sad (lit. our breath will hurt very much). [If one sees someone who greatly resembles someone one knows, he is caused to think about that person. This can cause a mistake in identity and then surprise. If a song or an item of clothing causes us to think of a friend or relative who is deceased, the association can trigger the strong emotional pain of loss.] 5v That which triggers grief. Ian ingkalimotow to inoy to batò no namatoy ko nigkita rin ka “ID” to anak din. That which triggered grief in the mother of the child who had died was when she saw the ID of her child.
alipolong v To be dizzy, especially to experience vertigo. Alipoongan. He/she is dizzy. Ko og-alipolongan ki, ogkaligot ka baloy ko ogpitow ki. If we have vertigo dizziness, the house goes around when we look. [If severe, this kind of dizziness can cause nausea or cause a person to grab something to keep from falling over. This kind of dizziness is described as the kind that causes ones environment to spin which is vertigo. The word katabolog means dizzy but differs in that it is the person's himself, rather than the environment which seems to be going around.] osyn: tabolog 1; see fr.: tabolog 2.
alus vs 1To be carried away by the current. Ko oglapas ki, ko konò ki ogpakabatuk to mababow su mabolbol ka woig, ogka-alus ki diò to maralom. Ogpakalumbuk kid on. If we cross [a river], if we are not able to discover the shallow [places] because the water is bubbly, we will be carried away by the current to where it is deep. We will have to swim. Ko ogpalawod ki to gakit no diò ki ogdu-ung to malongon no woig no konò ki ogdu-ung diò to mabolbol su ogka-alus ka gakit ta. Ogka-anlas ogkohutuk ka gakit ko ogdu-ung ki to mabolbol. If we go downstream by raft then we beach [our raft] where the water is calm and we don't beach [it] where at rapids (lit. bubby) because our raft will be swept away by the current. Our raft will be carried by the current if we beach [our craft] at the rapids (lit. where [the water] is bubbly). Ko oglapas ki, og-aliguan ta ka maralom no og-abalang ki to mababow oyow konò ki ogka-alus diò to linow. When we cross [a river], we detour around the deep [part] and search for the shallow [area] so that we won't be swept away by the current into the deep pool. gen: alap 3; see fr.: anlas 3. 2For many to be swept away by the current. Ko moon-ing ka oglapas to woig no ogka-alap diò to maralom, ogkaka-alus. (Ka Kapugi, ogkama-alus. Man-alus, sikan dod ka lituk.) If many cross a river (lit. water) and are carried to the deep [part], they are swept away by the current. In Kupugi, [they say], ogkama-alus. Man-alus, has the same meaning.
amagal n A lizard about 5 or 6 inches long which has a green back, light colored belly and brown tail. Ka amagal, malasi ta ogka-alow diò to dalan. Songo kuò ko oglopow diò to baloy ka ogpandawi to bakukang, mgo ipos. We often inadvertently scare away green lizards on a trail. On occasion [they] come into a house to prey on large or small cockroaches. Nigtinagpa-an on to miow to nigdawi ka amagal to songo nigdawi to bakokang. The cat pounced on a green lizard upon which it was preying as it likewise was preying on a cochroach. [This lizard is frequently seen on trees but may, on occasion, enter a house.]
ambow 1n Any kind of rodent, from the largest woodchuck like marmot to various kinds of rats and mice. Ka dii to baloy no ambow, konò ogtatabunan su diò baloy oghimu to salag dan. The rodent which lives here in the house does not make a mound [living quarters] because they make a nest in the house. [A rabbit is also called an ambow because it is recognized as a rodent as is the takubung "marmot" which is similar to the woodchuck.] spec: takubung. 2deriv n The game “rat”. Ka mgo batò koy pad, ogpaligli-agoy koy dongan no ogkagian noy to, “Oghimu ki to ambow-ambow no ogtigbason noy to bolad noy ka bakalawan to duma noy.” When we were still children, we played with each other long ago and we said, “Let's make make-believe rats, and so we will strike the upper arms of our companions.” [The children form groups and take turns striking the other's upper arms. The welt formed is called an ambow “rat” which they say ran up the person's arm and will get in their armpit.] 2.1v To play the make-believe game “rat”. Ko ogkatigbas on no ogkotul on ka laplap, no ian on ka ambow no namanoik to bolad din. Sikan ka og-ambow-ambow. When we strike and then a welt forms on the skin, and that has become the rat which climbed up his arm. That is the rat [game].
amulung v To comfort; offer comfort. Agad konon duma ta ko ogdalong ki to ogsinogow, ig-amulung ta to ogkagi to tahan na-an ian to ogkamatoy ki. Even if it is not our relative (lit. companion) if we empathize with the one weeping, we will offer comfort by saying that it is natural that we die. Ko du-on otow no ogkamatayan ig-amulung ta rò to goinawa ran to ogmakogalon ta ka igmasakit to goinawa rin. If someone [loses a loved one] by death, we comfort them (lit. comfort their breath) by our bearing of the hurt of his/her emotional pain (lit. pain of his breath). see: imù 2.
anok v 1To cook thoroughly. Og-anokon to pogsugba. Mananoy og-awo-on to pogsugba oyow ogka-anok. Ogkalutù lagboy. We cook [something] for a long time. We are slow to remove it from cooking so that it will be tender. It will be thoroughly cooked. [until item is soft and tender. Word applies regardless whether item is boiled, baked or roasted.] ant: sugnu. 2To be refreshed. An-anokon din ka lawa rin. Ogbulungon din ka lawa rin to woig. His body was refreshed. He was satisfying his body in the water. [DB Comment re time my brother soaked in hot water in the tub] see: Ogbulungon; see fr.: olod 2.
antuk 1v To use another name for an in-law, avoiding the use of the person\\\\\\\'s actual name, the use of which is believed to cause a curse. [ogbusungon]. 2n Something with a hidden meaning; a riddle. Nahan ku ko ian tu-ud to antuk din ko og-ugpò a to malayat pad no allow. Dokad di lo-in ka tu-ud din. Ogbogayan a poron to boi. I supposed that the meaning of his riddle [was] that I would stay for several days (lit. a long day). However his purpose was different. He wanted to give me a girl. 3v To make up riddles, especially at a vigil for the dead. [It is believed to be pamalii "bad luck" to tell riddles at any other time.] 4deriv n A riddle, especially that told at a wake. [To make up riddles at any other time than a death is believed to be bad luck. The purpose seems to be to distract the grieving from the reality of the grief over the loss of a loved one. Someone gives a characteristic of a balubatò "bachelor" or a dalaga "maiden" and others make guesses as to the meaning. An example might be a "maiden covered with eyes" which turns out to be a pinapple. ]
anun v To cheer on, audibly agree with, as with a shout of approval. Ko du-on og-u-uranda, og-anun ki. When someone sings a love song, we give a shout of approval. Ungod og-u-uranda ko og-anunon ta. We will continue singing a love song if we are cheered on. [DB says this is praise.] see: dalong; see: sayò 1.
ayu-ayu adj Poor; destitute in material goods. Ka otow no ayu-ayu no ungud og-ogoti, ko ogko-ugsoban on to goinawa rin no konad on ogpaka-aguanta ogpaka-atu on sikandin. A destitute person who is always being scolded, when [the criticism] affects him deeply emotionally (lit. soaks in) so that he can no longer endure it, he will have to react.
Banlak n One of three original Ata siblings (two men and their sister) said to have ascended into heaven. According to legend, they gathered kout along the Kapalong river which were turned into white stones. (see Ibul, Boyboy), lived on, believed to have created people, did many miracles. [The Ata Manobo kout refers to a poisonous, starchy root something like cassava which must be soaked before cooking to make it edible.] see: Boybayan; gen: minuna.
babalakan n A junction or crossing, as of a highway or two rivers that intersect. Ko du-on otow no ogpanumbaloy no ligkat to Kapalong, ogpatomu kanta diò to babalakan oyow ogpoko-untul [ogpakabatuk] to baloy ta oyow konò ogkalagaklagak.) If someone comes for a visit from Kapalong, he will have us meet him at the [river] junction wo that he will be able to find our house so that he won't become lost. [Word applies whether the roads just meet or intersect.]
bagkolong v 1To dance, turning first to one side and then to another. Ka otow no nigsayow to kuglung, ogbagkolong dò ko ogsayowsayow. Ka bakolong, agad hondo-i ogkolong sikandin ka ogsayow. The person who danced to the kuglung instrument was turning from side to side as he/she was dancing. As for [the word] bagkolong, he/she turns in any direction while dancing 2Extended Meaning: To be strong-willed; (in a negative sense); disobedient. Ka otow no ogbagkolong, og-atu to agad nokoy no udling. Konò ogpabo-ot Ka kandin dò no katagaanan, ian din ogtumanon. The person who is strong-willed, he resists any kind of advice. He won't let someone control him. He only carries out that which comes from his own knowledge. [considered to be a bad trait]
