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tcʾ


tcʾ-ts's''/[V]_v7-deicticsubjpfx3rd person human/animatesim.0-1 13.SUBJ9.2.3Pronounstʃrʼə- 'indefinite human subject; 1.plural subject notes: this is also used for a human opposed to an animal. or an adult human as opposed to a child'tc'i-ch'i-dji-, -ʾdji- "third person indefinite subject"tcʾi-, tsʾi-, ʾ- 'INDF.S'Source forms: tcʼ- , tsʼ- , sᵋ-daayaaʾnjiiinterwhat did they say?naaʾchʾnooniin amidwifetcʾeeʾtʾootʾn asucking doctortcʾitceehn amournertcʾkolhsaaschown aracer snaketcʾyaan2n awomanyaaʾnii1vtthey say
√TCʾAI/TCʾAAKʾrthop/bounceMOMimpf. √TCʾAIMOMperf. √TCʾAAKʾtʃʼʌy/tʃʼʌqʼ-ch'uq' "hop, jump"-chʾaiʾ 'hop'Source forms: ...jai, ...tcak...gai, ...caklheenaahiyaaghiltcʾaakʾn aone-legged racenaachʾiltcʾain astick bouncing gamenaaghiltcʾaakʾn aone-legged racenaateelhtcʾain abouncing along contest
tcʾangʾn adirt, filth5.6.1Clean, dirtyder. of√TCANʾdefecatetcû+ñ
tcʾaah-v12-incorppfxshouting3.5.1.1.1Shoutder. of√TCʾAAT3shoutSource forms: tca h...
tcʾaahaaln a1frogAnura; Rana auroraused generically and in compounds for various frog/toad/treefrog speciesTcʾaahal diidakʾ sliinʾ yaaʾnii.Frogs came into being in the east, they say.GT07 23.151.6.1.4Amphibian2spec.foothill yellow-legged frog and red-legged frogRana spp. (R. boylii, R. aurora)the two native Rana spp. frogs of Cahto territory, very similar to each other1.6.1.4Amphibian|tʃʼʌχł 'frog'tʃ'aːχalch'ahl, chw'ahl "frog, toad"chʾahal 'frog'Source forms: tcʼa hal, tcʼa hąl, tcʼa hąl...tcʼa hąlṯc̱a hûl, tca hûltcahal...chah´-hahl, chah´-hahl...tca/ haltc'ɑhɑ́ˑlCHahál "(CH = emphatic, I think also more [tsy] than [ch])"
tcʾaahaalkoonchown atoad, western toadAnaxyrus (Bufo) boreas1.6.1.4Amphibiander. oftcʾaahaalfrog (gen.)√KOON/KOONʾhave pimples-chowaugmentativebig pimply frogSource forms: chah´-hahl kōʼn-cho
tcʾaahaal-lhtsowitcn atreefrog, Sierran treefrog, Pacific treefrogPseudacris sierra1.6.1.4Amphibiancomp. oftcʾaahaalfrog (gen.)lhtsowblue/green (adjectival)-tcdiminutive suffixSource forms: tcʼa hąl ʟ tsō wittca hûl tsō witcTcʾaahaal-lhtsowitcn aTreefrog (character)
Tcʾaahaal-lhtsowitcn aTreefrog (character)Raven's mother and Coyote's mother-in-law in the Wolf Steals Coyote's Wife storyTcʾaahaal-lhtsowitc toonai kowaatcʾghaabiilʾ.She gave a basket of fish to Treefrog.GT10 13.5rel.DaatcaangʾRaven (character)3.5.4.7Story Characterder. oftcʾaahaal-lhtsowitcPacific treefrogtcʼa hąl ʟ tsō wittca hûl tsō witc
tcʾaahaalyaantcn agrebe; tealidentified as "Teal" in Essene, but "frog-eater" implies that it refers to grebes which also have the look of a small "duck" out on the water and actually do eat frogsgennaakeeʾitcduck (gen )1.6.1.2.11Waterfowlcomp. oftcʾaahaalfrog (gen.)-yaantceaterSource forms: tcahalyantc
tcʾaah-(ghees)..lhtceeghvishout, squeal, "cry shouting"Tcʾaaheelhsheegh yaaʾnii.It squealed, they say.GT25 5.143.5.1.1.1Shout1.6.4.3Animal soundsperf. 3tcʾaaheelhsheeghit squealedperf. 3dist.tcʾaayaaʾheelhtceehthey shoutedder. oftcʾaah-shoutinggh-1gh-conjugations-s-conjugation/modelh-1lh-classifier√TCEEGHcrycry out shoutingSource forms: tca heʟ ceɢtca/ka heʟ ceg
TcʾaahkwlʾiinOne Who Has a Hatpossible form"Chockley"Captain Chockley (Rose (Stevenson) Ray's maternal grandfather)Chockley (Captain) (US DOI OIA Application for Enrollment, 1928/29)
tcʾaah-tcʾilʾiingn aOregon ash treeFraxinus latifoliawood used for firewood, tools and handles, and for making tobacco pipes, the narrow pith being easy to burn out for the bore; the roots are used medicinally; and the leaves are the food of the edible caterpillar, the ash armyworm (Chesnut, 1902, p.378)cnstbiiʾlhihtaanaanpipebiiʾlhit-taayhinaangpipelhit-taanaang-biiʾaaliinpipesim.goo-kaalʾaicaterpillar plantrel.goo 6ash armywormkaltcintcash armywormseekalhtcingash armyworm1.5.1Tree6.5.3Building materials5.5.6Fuel2.5.7.3Medicinal plantscomp. of√TCʾAAT1hat-tcʾilʾiingthey treat it asch'ah-ch'il'e:n [ch'ah (hat)-people treat it like]tʾcaʿ "hat"Source forms: cha‑chŭ‑lí‑ĭṇtca tcĕ lī
tcʾaalaan a1prim.narrowleaf compassplant, "sunflower"Wyethia angustifoliaseed used for pinole; lower part of leaves and stem eaten; root used medicinally (Chesnut, 1902, p.396)Nonkʾtcing lhaan-ee, tcʾaalaa lhaan-ee shghanding, tkooʾiishtc lhaan-ee shghanding.There are a lot of tarweed seeds, there are a lot of sunflower seeds at my home, and there are a lot of chinquapins/chestnuts at my home.GT10 37.45.2.3.1.1.3Pinole/Cereals1.5.3.6Sunflower-like2gen.pinole, seed flour"Pinole (cala) made chiefly from yellow "sunflower" seeds; sometimes manzanita berries (tunnuc) mixed with pepperwood nuts (anciñ). Seeds roasted over coals in basket; sifted; fanned in another basket to rid of chaff. Eaten: mixed with water or dry." (Loeb, p.47)syndaang1pinole5.2.3.1.1.3Pinole/Cereals3PROBABLEcontempsunflower seedHelianthus annuus5.2.3.1.1.3Pinole/Cereals1.5.3.6Sunflower-likech'ahla'qude' "sunflower (Helianthus annuus)"Source forms: tcʼa latcʼa latca lacala
tcʾaaniidung3indf. poss.*tcaaʾniiexcrement/faeces
√TCʾAAT1rthatonly appears in the word for 'ash tree' in Cahto
Some Cahto men may have worn a fur cap, if so it is highly likely to have been called by this name
"*986. Cap of fur ... M" (Driver, p.330)
"986. Kroeber, Hdbk., pl. 18 top." (Driver, p.393)
Essene's consultants deny fur caps (Essene, p.50)
gentlʾohteelh siiʾbiiʾsʾaangbasket hat
tšʾəχd 'hat'-ch'a:t/ch'ah: ch'ah-ch'il'e:n "ash tree"; (w)-ł-ch'a:t "wear a hat, cap"tʾcaʿ "hat"-tc'at 'hat' [Curtis]cf"Chockley"Captain Chockley (Rose (Stevenson) Ray's maternal grandfather)Source forms: cha...tca...tcʾaah-tcʾilʾiingn aash tree
√TCʾAAT2rtbe sicktʃʷ'attʃʼaːt-ch'a:t "ache, be sick"-tʾcaˑʿ/-tʾcaˑd, -tʾcaˑd, -tʾcaˑl "to have a pain, to ache (zero)"Source forms: ...tca de, ...tca-tcat, -tca, ...tca...tca...cat, ...tsiad-ghin..tcʾaatvdbecome sickd-(n)..tcʾaatvdbe sick
√TCʾAAT3rtshoutThe ejective is based on the Wailaki, Mattole, and Proto-Athabaskan cognates.??????tʃ'aːt-chʾat 'halloo.PFV', 'shout', -tsʾadʾ 'halloo'; ʾi-ł-tsʾadʾ 'He will halloo.'Source forms: ...tcat, ...tcąt, ...tcąk, ...tca, tca h...-tcat, -tca, ...tcat, ...tcąt, ...tcąk(ghin)..ltcʾaatvishout(ghin)..lhtcʾaatvishouttcʾaah-vshouting
tcʾbeen aDouglas firPseudotsuga menziesiiCahto: bark as covering for house and dancehouse
"Fir bark placed over the poles [leaning on the beelghaal/long poles], parallel with them." (Essene, p.56)
"[Yiichow/dancehouse] Also, entirely built from tan-bark oak except fir-bark covering." (Essene, p.57)
"Covering.-- 371. ... Ka, La, Yu: Fir bark." (Essene, p.57) leaves used for a pleasant tea or coffee-like drink; roots used for basketry (Chesnut, 1902, p.309)
"The leaves, ... have a very pleasant balsamic odor, and on this account they are highly esteemed by nearly all of the Indians, and many whites, as a substitute for coffee. They are generally used while still fresh and are consequently of especial service to camping parties." (Chesnut, 1902, p.309)
Tcʾuubee naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii, lhaaʾhaaʾtaah.He stood up Douglas firs along, they say, one at a time.GT02b 34.27Chin tcʾuubee naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up trees, Douglas firs, along, they say.GT02b 35.14Tcʾiibee naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up Douglas firs along, they say.GT02b 41.1Tcʾbee, diltciik, aanʾchʾwaichow naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up Douglas firs, yellow pines, and maul oaks along, they say.GT02b 41.3ptkai2 1.1root (of conifer)cnstkʾaiʾ2basketyeehhouseyiichow 1dance-house5.2.3.6Beverage1.5.1.1Conifer6.6.4.2.3Basketry materials6.5.3Building materials2.5.7.3Medicinal plants
var.tcʾiibeevar.tcʾuubeech'ime:- "pine, conifer"Source forms: tcʼībe, tcʼūbetcʼū betcī be´, tc ū be´ʼ, tcū be ́tʃʼb̥êˑchĕ-bā´tcĕ bĕtc'ɪbɛ́ːTcʾibeetaahdingn aCahto Creek villageTcʾibeetaahkwotn aCahto CreekTcʾibeetooʾlaiʾn aDouglas Fir Water TopTcʾibeetctaahdingn aLittle Douglas Firs Villagetcʾiibeetcingn agrand firtcʾiibee-uuyaashtcn aDouglas fir sapling
tcʾbeetcn a1Douglas fir saplingPseudotsuga menziesiitS'b8e^> = fir-treetS'b8e@>tS' = (dim) (G.) 1A1.5.1.1Conifer2PROBABLEfir-treeAbies spp.1.5.1.1Coniferder. oftcʾbeeDouglas fir-tcdiminutive suffixch'imehch "small conifer"Source forms: tʃʼb̥éˑtʃʼ
Tcʾbeetckwotn aCahto Creek, "Fir Creek", "Little Douglas Fir Creek""Gill tʃʼḅéˑtʃʼ - kʽʷɑtʽ, [under tʃʼ] this is the dim., this identical name is called by the whites Braden Ck. (bréydn), the man's name was Bert Braden, who sold his land here to the gvt. 28 yrs ago, + died then Means fir ck. tʃʼḅéˑ, fir-tree." (JPH, mf.2, reel 3, im.554A)whTcʾibeetaahkwot-kiiyaahaangCahto Creek band9.7.2.10.02Cahto area9.7.2.09Names of riverscomp. oftcʾbeetcDouglas fir sapling-kwotcreekSource forms: tʃʼḅéˑtʃʼ - kʰʷɑtʽ
tcʾchʾaashhe shoots itimpf.3anim.+ 3 obj.(s)..chʾaash/chʾaanshootSource forms: tcʼ tcʼac teltci tcac tel