Cahto - English


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√ʾAIʾrt(in 'try')cf√ʾAA.extendP-ee-(0)..lʾaiʾvttry P
=ʾanjiienclsurprise clitic, it is?!9.4.5Evidentialsdoo-ʾanjiienclis not!=kwaangʾanjiienclis/are (surprisingly)=kwolish-ʾanjiienclappears to beyooyii-haaʾanjiiadvyonder
=ʾanjii-kwolishenclit is I think9.4.5Evidentialscomp. of=ʾanjiisurprise evidential=kwolishI guess
-ʾangdirect > directsfxfrom8.5.2.8North, south, east, west*daaʾʾangdirectfrom the north*daaʾangdirectfrom the east/downhillDeesiinʾang-Tilhyeeloon aWest Wind-naaʾangdirectfrom the south-siingʾangdirectfrom the west
=ʾangencl1yes/no question marker9.4.3.3Interrogative 3.5.1.5Ask2might, may, possibly9.4.4Epistemic moodsdoo-ʾangpart.is it not?dooʾng-keeʾencldidn't?
=ʾang=kwaanenclhave?, has?9.4.3.3Interrogative comp. of=ʾangyes/no question marker=kwaaninferred with certainty from evidence evidential
=ʾangʾenclit is, it was9.1.1Bedaatiishaanangʾinterwhat will be?=kwolish-ʾangenclI guess (it is close)
√ʾAA.rtextend, have position√ʾAA2NEU, impf.√ʾAAʾNEU, perf.√ʾAALHNEU, prog.√LHʾAA.caus.cf√ʾAIʾ(in 'try')daa-d-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾviwave extend up onto surfaceee-(s)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvxbe a rowP-iiʾ-naa..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvttake O.inside Pkaa-(ghin)..lʾaa/ʾaaʾvigrow up from belowko-(ghin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾviextend downlhee-(ghees)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvtencirclelhee-(nin)..ʾaavimeet/mergenaa-(?)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvtget Onaachʾiʾain ashinnynaa-d-(ghin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvistand upright (mountain/tree)naanaa-t-(ghin)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvtpile up againnaa-n-(ghin)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvtbuild fish weirnaa-n-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾ1vimove aboutP-naa-(s)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvsextend around PP-naa-ti-(s)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvttake O back to Pnaa-ti-(s)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvtstand O up alongnaa..tʾaa/ʾaaʾvistand up (as a mountain)n-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvsextendnoo-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvsextend to a limitnoo-(nin)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvtput O extending to a limitn-(s)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾviextend mentallytaa-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾviextend into watertcʾee-n-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾviextend outyaa-(ghees)-ʾaa/ʾaaʾviextend upyeeh-(nin)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvicome in (extending)
√ʾAA1rthandle (3-dimensional object, solid object), classify 3DO√ʾAAʾMOM, opt.√ʾAALHMOM, prog.√ʾAAN2MOM, perf.√ʾAAN2NEU√ʾAASHMOM, impf.bit-tcʾee-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtdisembowelbiiʾ-noo-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtcarry solid O inside Pbiiʾ-tcʾee-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtdecapitatebiiʾ-tcʾee-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtshed antlerschʾaa-n-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O awaychʾ-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput net on O/stickchʾ-gh..lhʾaalhvtmake O grow alongdee-d-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid O in firegh..ʾaalhvtcarry solid O alongP-ghaan-d-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O off of PP-ghaa-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtgive solid O to PP-kʾit-noo-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtplace solid O on top of Pkaa-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtpick solid O up from undergroundnaa-gh..ʾaalhvtbring solid O back alongnaahi-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O backnaa-n-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O acrossnaa-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O aroundninʾ-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtpick up solid On-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid Onoo-gh..ʾaashvtput solid O along down to a.limitnoo-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid O to a limits..ʾaanvtlie motionless (solid O)saa-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid O in mouthteeh-noo-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid O to a limit in watertghin-naa-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanviturn solid O back aroundti-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O alongtcʾee-naa-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O back out fromtcʾee-naa-(nin)..lʾaash/ʾaanvttake solid O back out fromyaa-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanviput solid O upyeeh-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput stick-like O inyi-ti-(s)..ʾaash/ʾaanvivtpass by (of rising water)daah-d-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvttake up solid O onto surfaceP-naa-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvtput solid O around P
√ʾAA2NEU, impf.NEUimpf.√ʾAA.extend
√ʾAAʾNEU, perf.NEUperf.√ʾAA.extendMOM, opt.MOMopt.√ʾAA1classify 3DO
√ʾAAGHrtmislead, foolP-ghaa-noo-(ghin)..tʾaaghvtmistake P for OP-noo-(ghin)..ʾaaghvtlie about P
√ʾAALʾ1rtchew√ʾAALʾ2DUR, perf.√ʾAALHDUR, impf.(gh)..ʾaalʾvichew(ghin)..ʾaalh/ʾaalʾvtchew Onaa-(s)..ʾaalh/ʾaalʾvtchew Oti-(s)..ʾaalh/ʾaalʾvichew along
√ʾAALʾ2DUR, perf.DURperf.√ʾAALʾ1chew
√ʾAALHDUR, impf.DURimpf.√ʾAALʾ1chewNEU, prog.NEUprog.√ʾAA.extendMOM, prog.MOMprog.√ʾAA1classify 3DO
√ʾAAN1rtreach a level, capacity; extend to a level√ʾAAN2MOM, perf.√ʾAAN2NEU√ʾAASHMOM, impf.chʾ-n-(nin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvicome to a leveltaa-yi-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvirecede (as waves)yeeh-yi-(ghin)..ʾaash/ʾaanvicome in (as ocean)
√ʾAAN2NEUNEU√ʾAAN1reach a levelMOM, perf.MOMperf.√ʾAA1classify 3DO√ʾAAN1reach a levelNEUNEU√ʾAA1classify 3DO
*ʾaangn iaden, nestsim.*tʾownest1.6.5Animal homeuuʾaangʾits denchʾaang2n aholeKoolhkaalʾuuʾaangʾlaiʾn aFlea Nest Top villageNooniitcingʾangdingn aGrizzly Den VillageNooniitcing-uuʾangdingn aGrizzly's Den VillageNooniitcing-uuʾaangʾchiiʾn aGrizzly's Den Creek Mouth
√ʾAASHMOM, impf.MOMimpf.√ʾAATCʾ1pl. animals moveMOM, impf.MOMimpf.√ʾAA1classify 3DO√ʾAAN1reach a level
√ʾAATCʾ1rtpl. animal move√ʾAASHMOM, impf.√ʾAATCʾ2MOM, perf.taah-chʾ-(s)..lhʾaash/ʾaatcʾvianimal to come out of waterteelhʾaashn abear manti-(s)..lʾaash/ʾaatcʾvianimals walkti-(s)..lhʾaash/ʾaatcʾvianimals go along
√ʾAATCʾ2MOM, perf.MOMperf.√ʾAATCʾ1pl. animals move
ʾAawn aGrandpa Bill Ray9.7.1.6Nicknameder. of*ʾaawpaternal grandfather
*ʾaawn ia1prim.paternal grandfather, father's fathersim.*tcʾing 1paternal grandmother4.1.9.1.1Grandfather, grandmother2paternal grandfather-in-law (spouse's paternal grandfather)4.1.9.2.2In-law3paternal great uncle (father's parent's brother);4.1.9.1.6Uncle, aunt4great grandfather (mother's grandfather)4.1.9.1.1Grandfather, grandmotherchʾaawsomeone's paternal grandfatherkʾaawhis paternal grandfathershʾaawmy paternal grandfather
√ʾEErtin 'bother'dilhtcin-oo..ʾeevtbother O
ʾEetsowunspec. var. ofTlʾoh-ʾEetsowApril/May

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