Cahto - English


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aantʾeeit is thusperf.3aa-n-(nin)..tʾeebe thusSource forms: ąn tʼēąn tʼē
Aantcin-Biiyeeʾn aRed Bridge, "Pepperwood's"location of a former bridge, and a Cahto fishing place, 1 mile below the former Jenkins Place crossroads6.5.4.1Road9.7.2.10.03Jackson Valley areacomp. ofaantcingpeppernutbiiyeeʾ3 POSS indeppepperwood'sSource forms: ʾɑ́nd̥ʒɪnbiyæ
aantcingn aCalifornia bay laurel, pepperwood, peppernut, Oregon myrtleUmbellularia californica"(nuts dried + roasted for food)" (Merriam)
"Pinole (cala) made chiefly from yellow 'sunflower' seeds; sometimes manzanita berries (tunnuc) mixed with pepperwood nuts (anciñ). Seeds roasted over coals in basket; sifted; fanned in another basket to rid of chaff. Eaten: mixed with water or dry." (Loeb, p.47)
"Hygiene.-Bathed morning, evening with soaproot (gostco); dried body with pepperwood leaves, hair with deer hide. ... Pepperwood nuts chewed, spit into hands, rubbed on face (removed dirt, preserved complexion), hair (added luster, kept in position). No skin diseases." (Loeb, pp.47-48)
Edible (parched nuts as condiment, trail food, and meal-ball "bread") and medicinal and insecticidal uses (especially of the leaves) are described in Chesnut (1902, pp.349-51).
Antcin eetshiin-eekwaanan.Peppernuts had become black.GT02b 45.11ptantcin-tʾangʾpepperwood leafusenaa-(ghin)..bee/beeʾ 2bathe sgP-siiʾ teehnaa-chʾ-(ghin)..lhdeeghwash P's hairripeee..tshinbecome black1.5.1Tree5.2.3.1.1.2Nuts5.2.3.3.3Spice2.5.7.3Medicinal plants
var.antcingtʼaːn-tʃən, ʔaːn-tʃənt'un-chwingʾantcxi̩ŋ "pepperwood"Source forms: án‑chŭṇûn tcûnûn tcûnûn ciñ, ûn tûñ [sic]antcĭnʾɑ́nd̥ʒɪn...Ahn´-chungûn tcûñ, ûn tcûnunciñ, anciñantcin-tʾangʾn iapepperwood leaf
√AANʾCHʾWAIrtin 'live oak' names(tʾ)an'ch'ghoo-i, kan'ch'ghoo-i[ʾ/Tʾ/K]AANʾ-KYʾI-GHOI (in 'live oak', 'Oregon grape')Source forms: án‑chwâ‑ĭ...ûn tcʼ wai...ûn tcū wai..., ûn tca wē...antcoi...Unch-wi´an doi...
aanʾchʾwaichown acanyon live oak, golden cup oak, mountain live oak, sweet oak, maul oakQuercus chrysolepis"make maul out of it" (Goddard, NB V, p.8)Aanʾchʾwaichow naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up maul oaks along, they say.GT02b 35.16Tcʾbee, diltciik, aanʾchʾwaichow naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up Douglas firs, yellow pines, and maul oaks along, they say.GT02b 41.3genchʾintʾaang 1acorn1.5.1.2Oak5.2.3.1.1.1Acorn/Staplesdial. var.aanʾtʾoichowder. of√AANʾCHʾWAIin 'live oak' names-chowaugmentativeSource forms: ûn tcʼ wai tcōûn tcū wai tcō, ûn tca wē tcōUnch-wi´-choan doi tcō
aanʾchʾwaitcn ainterior live oak, live oak, Wislizeni oakQuercus wislizenigenchʾintʾaang 1acorn1.5.1.2Oak5.2.3.1.1.1Acorn/Staplesder. of√AANʾCHʾWAIin 'live oak' names-tcdiminutive suffixSource forms: án‑chwâ‑ĭchantcoitc
aanʾtʾoichowRRdial. var. ofaanʾchʾwaichowcanyon live oakan doi tcō
aasaanI found itperf.1sg.aa-(0)..sis/saanfind O thusSource forms: a sañ ûn gī
*aashn ia1nephew (sister's son)4.1.9.1.8Nephew, niece2cousin once-removed (female cousin's son)4.1.9.1.7Cousin3woman's step-son4.1.9.2Related by marriage4.1.9.1.4Son, daughter4nephew-in-law (spouse's brother's son)4.1.9.2.2In-law4.1.9.1.8Nephew, niece3 poss.baashiihis nephew1sg. poss.shaash1my nephewO-|aːʒ-eː 'cross-nephew, cross-niece'-a:whSource forms: [c]ac...ba cība cī*indii-baashiin ianephew*laashtcʾeeʾn ianiece/step-daughter
aashooʾileeghyou (sg.) get dressed; dress yourself! (sg.)impf.2sg.+ refl. obl.aat-shoo-(ghin)..leegh/laaghdress oneselfSource forms: a cōᵋ ûl leʽa cōᵋ ûl leʽ
*aashtcʾeeʾn ia1niece (sister's daughter)4.1.9.1.8Nephew, niece2cousin once-removed (female cousin's daughter)4.1.9.1.7Cousin3woman's step-daughter4.1.9.2Related by marriage4.1.9.1.4Son, daughter4niece-in-law (spouse's brother's daughter)4.1.9.2.2In-law4.1.9.1.8Nephew, niece1sg. poss.shaashtcʾeeʾmy nieceder. of*aashnephew (sister's son)-tcʾeeʾfemale-a:sch'e' "niece (sister's daughter)"Source forms: asce
*aatn ia1elder sister, older sistersyn*tʾeetcolder sister (??)4.1.9.1.3Brother, sister2older step-sister3older half-sistersibling terms are applied to half-siblings and step-siblings, per Gifford (1922, p.25, 26)4cousin (man's older female cross cousin4.1.9.1.7Cousin5cousin (older female parallel cousin)4.1.9.1.7Cousin6aunt (mother's brother's wife)4.1.9.1.6Uncle, aunt7paternal aunt (father's sister)"The f ss is called o ss; hence the fl ss becomes a ssl with the corresponding sbl reciprocals." (Gifford, 1922, p.26)4.1.9.1.6Uncle, aunt2sg. poss.naatyour older sister1sg. poss.shaaʾaatmy older sister1sg. poss.shaatmy older sisterada:t-a:t-aat, -aatik: sat [WA-C], Shah-tuk' [SS-M]Source forms: s͡há‑atatnat-atʼ, natShaht´
aat-var. ofaad--REFLSource forms: ata- [at- , ad-]
aateeghingaround oneself+ refl. obl.*tghingaround PSource forms: a te gûñ
aatkʾeebehind oneself+ refl. obl.*kʾeeback of PSource forms: at kʼe, ąt kʼeat kʼeat k̟e
aat-shoo-(ghin)..leegh/laaghvidress oneself, get dressed"Chʾsiitcing aashooʾileeh,""Coyote, get dressed up!"GT05 10.2"Aatshooʾishleeh chin uunooʾ," tcʾin yaaʾnii."I will get dressed behind a tree," he said, they say.GT05 11.1"Chʾleelintc, kaaʾ, niing aashooʾileeh,""OK, Hummingbird, you get dressed up."GT05 15.15.3.7Wear clothingimpf. 2sg.+ refl. obl.aashooʾileeghyou (sg.) get dressed; dress yourself! (sg.)opt. 1sg.+ refl. obl.aatshooʾishleehlet me get dressedder. ofaad--REFLshoo-well/nicelygh-1gh-conjugation√LEEGH/LAAGHdoxong'-na'a:dileh, dress up!Source forms: a tcō ûc leʽ, a cōᵋ ûl leʽa cōᵋ ûl leʽ
aatʾaaʾone's own pocketrefl. poss.*tʾaaʾ1pocketSource forms: a tʼaᵋ, a tʼaa t!a+ā́tꜝaᵋ
aa..tʾiin/ʾiinʾvihave sexsim.(s)..kʾeet/kʾeetʾ 1have sex2.6.2Sexual relationsimpf. 3dist.aayaatʾiinthey have sexder. ofaa-1thusd-2d-classifier√ʾIIN1do/act*TʾIINdo thusdo ita-sh-tʾín=iŋ 'I (cannot) do it'ɑːyɑ́ːtʾɪn
Aatceegheeghitcikn a1Atceegheeghitcik (constellation)Dii aatceegheeghitcik oolyii-banjaaʾ, kwʾeehtning kaldash-banjaaʾ.“Let this be called ‘Aatceegheeghitcik’; let it come up afterward.”GT03 1.971.1.1.2Star2bulb sp. (edible)an unidentified species of edible bulb5.2.3.1.5Food from rootsSource forms: a tce ge gût cûk
Aatciigheeghitcikchown aEvening Star, VenusgengooyaaneeʾstarsynGooyaaneeʾEvening StarLhghil-KaachʾingcheeghiEvening StarSitildaashEvening Star (Planet)sim.GooyaaneeʾEvening StarKaaldaashMorning StarLhghil-KaachʾingcheeghiEvening Star1.1.1.3Planetder. ofAatceegheeghitcikAatceegheeghichik (constellation; bulb)-chowaugmentativeSource forms: a tcī ge gût cûk tcō
Aatciighitcikn aNorth Star, Polaris1.1.1.2StarSource forms: a tcī gût sûk
Aatciighitcikchown aNorth Star, Polaris (a star/constellation)"Kaaldaash, Aatciighichikchow, Sonʾlhaantc, Sitildaash, gooyaaneeʾ,""Morning Star, North Star, Pleiades, Evening Star, stars."GT04 8.11.1.1.2Starder. ofAatciighitcikNorth Star-chowaugmentativeSource forms: a tcī gût tcûk tcōa tcī gût tcûk tcō, a tcī gût tcûk tcō/djō
aatcwiʾn alarge, flat edible mushroomTricholoma magnivelare and othersa large flat edible mushroom, probably the American matsutake or tanoak mushroom (Tricholoma magnivelare), as in Hupa, one of the most commonly collected edible mushrooms of the area.
"Eaten: ... various mushrooms (acwe)." (Loeb, p.47)
sim.dintcʾiikʾspicy mushroom5.2.3Types of food1.5.4.2Fungus
'a:jiw' "tan-oak mushroom"Source forms: aatcwĭtacwe