Cahto - English


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naadeelshaan-noonʾaiadvnoon, twelve o'clocksyndjiin-naatghiishchaangnoon8.4.4.2Clock, watchder. ofnaa-d-(ghis)..ltcaaneat a mealnoo-(nin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾextend to a limit=iNRit extended to eating a meal (time)Source forms: na del ca non na ye
naadeelʾn a1sugar pine treePinus lambertianasugary resin is used as a sweetener or candy, in small quantities; larger quantities are laxative/"cathartic" (Chesnut, 1902, p.307)ptnaadilchowpine nuts shellsinʾtoosugarsynnaadiilʾ 2sugar pine1.5.1.1Conifer5.2.3.3.1Sugar2.5.7.3Medicinal plants2sugar pine nuts"The immense long cones yield a large number of nuts which, when obtained in sufficient quantity, are as highly esteemed for food as are those from the Sabine pine described below." (Chesnut, 1902, p.307)synnaadeelhsugar pine nuts5.2.3.1.1.2Nutsder. ofnaa-4down√DILH/DEELʾ2du./pl. go=iNRhanging down in pairsthey hangnaːdeːtł'na:de'tł' "digger pine, bull pine (Pinus sabiniana); pine nuts"Source forms: ná‑dĕlną dilᵋna dilᵋna del'...nah-telk´naadeelʾtcn ashore pinenaadilchown apine nuts shell
Naadeelʾnaatʾaaʾdingn aSugar Pine Standing village"sugar pine On the northern nin of a basin Timber east and west. Basin itself open. 35 pits and a yītcō
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kōc/gac.kwot branch of Bennett creek runs just north of the village. Bank is steep, a gulch running north drains the basin. Cahto straight dī.nûk 2 miles (Bill) must be nearly that" (Goddard, NB part 2 villages, p.8)
Hand-drawn map (Goddard, NB part 2 villages, p.9)
ptyiichow 1dance-housewhGaashkwotYew CreekKoshbiiʾ-kiiyaahaangMill Creek Valley band9.7.2.10.05Mill Creek area9.7.2.03Names of villages/towns
der. ofnaadeelʾsugar pinenaa..tʾaa/ʾaaʾstand up (as a mountain)=dingplaceSource forms: na del' na da' dûñ
naadeelʾtcn ashore pinePinus contortaGaashchow, naadeelʾtc, neeʾdilbai kʾeeghilhyiil yaaʾnii.He planted redwoods, shore pines, and grey pines along in rows, they say.GT02b 27.21.5.1Treeder. ofnaadeelʾsugar pine-tcdiminutive suffixna deltcna deltc
naadeelhn asugar pine nutsPinus lambertianasynnaadeelʾ 2pine nuts5.2.3.1.1.2Nutsder. ofnaa-4down√DILH/DEELʾ2du./pl. gona:de'tł' "digger pine, bull pine (Pinus sabiniana); pine nuts"Source forms: na deʟ, na del...na deʟ...natĕł...na dĕʟ
naadeelhtoon asugar pine sapPinus lambertianaused as a sweetener; dried sap chewed as gum5.2.2.1Bite, chew5.2.3.3.1Sugarcomp. ofnaadeelʾsugar pinetoowaterSource forms: natĕłtŏ
naadeelhtcn asmall pine treePinus attenuata, P. sp.?probably refers to the scrub pine, knobcone pine (Pinus attenuata), a smaller pine of the northern part of Cahto territory (Spyrock Road-Leggett-Angelo Preserve area), that has cones hanging down in pairsTcʾiibeetcing, gaashchow, tcʾiibeetcing, naadeelhtc kaalʾaaʾ tcʾghilhtciilh yaaʾnii.He went along planting grand fir trees, redwoods, grand fir trees, and small sugar pines to grow up, they say.GT02b 32.4Naadeelhtc naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood small sugar pines up along, they say.GT02b 34.31.5.1.1Coniferder. ofnaadeelhsugar pine nuts-tcdiminutive suffixSource forms: na deʟᵋtc, na deltc, na deʟᵋ tsna deʟtcna deLtc, na deLts
naadeesbiilʾhe sprinkled itperf.3+ 3 obj.naa-d-(s)..bilh/biilʾsprinkle (water)Source forms: na des bīlᵋna des bīlᵋ
naa-d-(ghin)..ʾaa/ʾaaʾvistand up, stick up8.3.1.4.1Verticalimpf. 3naatʾaaʾit (tree/mountain) stands upder. ofnaa-d-up/verticalgh-1gh-conjugation√ʾAA.extendna:=di-(w)-'a:/'a' "stick up"naa=di-ł-ʾaa 'You stand it up.'Source forms: na tʼąiᵋ, na tʼaᵋ bûn jaᵋna tʼaᵋ bûn jaᵋ...na̞ˑttʼɑychʾkaakʾbiiʾ naatʾaivtnet stick
naa-d-(ghin)..lghaalh/ghaalʾvtpour pl O downas buckeyesLaashiiʾ kwongʾding naaʾtghilghaalʾ yaaʾnii.They poured buckeyes down on the fireplace, they say.GT15 1.31.3.2.2Pourperf. 3anim.+ 3 obj.naaʾtghilghaalʾshe/they poured them down (into fire/earth oven)der. ofl-l-classifiernaa-d-(s)..lhghaalh/ghaalʾpour O downSource forms: na t gûl gąl, na t gûl gal lena te gûl gûlSee-Naatghilghaalʾdingn aStacked Rock
naa-d-(ghin)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾvt1stand O on endTlʾoh-lhtsow uusiiʾdaa-kwʾit naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii.He stood green grass on the crown of its head, they say.GT01 3.11Tsʾiiʾ naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii, uusiiʾ-kwʾit.He stood brush up, they say, on its head.GT01 3.13Uutʾakw yooyiinakʾ naaheestyaa-hit see naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii.When he went back far to the south he erected stones,they say.GT01 6.1Too uutcʾinghaa neeʾ naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii.He erected the ground in front of the ocean, they say.GT01 6.5See nchaagh naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii, diinakʾ.He stood a large rock up on end, they say, in the south.GT02a 2.1Diiseeʾ see naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii (, nees).He stood a large rock up on end in the west, they say, a tall one.GT02a 2.2Tghaamaa tcʾiibeetcing naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ yaaʾnii.Along the shore he stood up fir trees, they say.GT02b 26.2"Naakaaʾ chin naadolhʾaaʾ-bang," naakaaʾnaakaaʾ.You all must stand two sticks on end," - four total, they say.GT07 2.4Naitghilhʾaaʾ chʾkaakʾ yiitcʾghinʾaan-kwaan yaaʾnii.He had stood up a pole and put a net on it, they say.GT08 10.13Tcʾgalh-ding bilhghilghis naaʾtghilhʾaaʾ-kwaan yaaʾnii.He had stood up a set of fire sticks where he walked, they say.GT08 11.57.3.1.5Set upright2put O on edge7.5.9Put8.6.6Edge3pile O up7.5.9.1Load, pileperf. 3obv.+ 3 obj.naitghilhʾaaʾhe stood up a stickperf. 3anim.+ 3 obj.naaʾtghilhʾaaʾhe stood it up; he piled it upimpf. 2pl.+ 3 obj.naadohlhʾaaʾyou (pl.) pile it up; pile it up! (pl.)opt. 3+ 3 obj.naadoolhʾaaʾlet it stand on endnaa=dí-ł-ʾaa 'You stand it up.'cfnaa-ti-(s)..lhʾaa/ʾaaʾ1stand O up alongSource forms: na dōʟ ᵋaᵋ, na t gûʟ ᵋaᵋ, na t gûʟ ᵋąiᵋ, na t gûʟ ᵋaᵋ kwąn, nai t gûʟ ᵋaᵋ, na dōʟ ᵋaᵋ bûñna dōʟ ᵋaᵋ, na t gûʟ ᵋaᵋ, nai t gûʟ ᵋaᵋ, na dōʟ ᵋaᵋ bûñna t gûʟ ʾaʾ, na te gûʟ a, na te gûL a, na ti gûL a, na ti gûL a kwûn, nai te gûL a, na dōL a bûñ
naa-d-(ghin)..ttlʾoo/tlʾoonvi1set snaresTeesdeelʾ yaaʾnii, tsʾiiʾ-biiʾ naaʾtghitlʾoon yaaʾnii.They went along, they say and set snares in the brush, they say.GT07 2.5Beelh naaʾtghitlʾoon yaaʾnii.They were setting rope snares (for a deer drive), they say.GT34 1.1madenooʾaangsnare6.4.2Trap2tie O7.5.4Tieperf. 3anim.+ 3 obj.naaʾtghittlʾoonhe/they tied rope/snares alongder. ofnaa-d-up/verticalgh-1gh-conjugationd-2d-classifier√TLʾOO/TLʾOONweave/braidSource forms: na t gût Lʼōn, na t gût Lʼōñ, na t gût Lōnna t gût Lʼōnna t+ gût L̳ōn, na t gût Ḻ̱̱ōn, natī gûL Lōn, na te gûʟ Lōn
naa-d-(ghin)..ttsʾis/tsʾaanvthear O againYiinaaʾang uuyaashtc naadeeghittsʾaan yaaʾnii.They heard it again a little from the south, they say.GT06 10.2synnaa-d..tsʾeeghhear O again2.3.2Hearperf. 3+ 3 obj.naadeeghittsʾaanthey heard it againder. ofnaa-3iterative/reversatived-(ghin)..ttsʾis/tsʾaansound to be heardSource forms: na de gût tsanna de gût tsanna de gût san
naa-d-(ghis)..ltcaanvteat a mealdaangʾ naadiighishlhtcaangI am already eating.GNb1 23.1doo-naadishtcaang ʾanjiiI never eat a meal.GNb1 35.3naadinshaang-ʾangDo you (sg.) eat a meal?GNb1 35.4doo-naadiishtcaang ʾanjiiI never eat a meal.GNb1 35.5naadolhshaang-ʾangDo you (pl.) eat (a meal)?GNb1 35.6Chʾaang bilh naadeeltcaa-mang (chʾaaghaayaa-mang) chʾaa-milh.They will eat their food with it, with food.GT02b 19.6Naakoo-milh naadeeltcaa-mang (chʾaaghaayaa-mang).They will eat it with clover.GT02b 19.7Shoonkʾaaʾ naadiishtcang, Shtaaʾ.Let me eat well, My Father.Lo14 1.1sim.daah-d-(ghin)..ltcaaneat a meal, eat lunch5.2.2Eatimpf. 1pl.+ 3indf. obj.chʾnaadeeltcaanwe eat st./mealperf. 3anim.naaʾtghischaans/he/they ate a mealimpf. 3+ 3 obj.naadeeltcaanthey eat a mealimpf. 3+ 3 obj.naadiltcaanhe eats itimpf. 2sg.naadinshaanyou (sg.) eat; eat! (sg.)opt. 1sg.naadishtcaalet me eat a mealimpf. 1sg.naadishtcaanI eat a mealprog. 1sg.naadiighishlhtcaanI eat alongimpf. 1sg.+ 3 obj.naadiishtcaanI eat a mealimpf. 2pl.+ 3 obj.naadolhshaanyou (pl.) eat a mealprog. 3naatiighishtcaanhe/they ate a mealder. ofnaa-1iteratived-1d-qualifiergh-1gh-conjugationl-l-classifier√TCAANeat a.mealna:=di-(w)-l-chwun' "eat together, have a feast"Source forms: na dûl tca mûñ, na dûl tcañ kwañ, dō na dûl tcañ, tcʼ na del tcañ, na t gûs tcan, na tī gûc tcan na del tca mûñ, na dīc tca nena dīc tca, na dīc tcan ne, na del tca mûñna dic tca, dō na dic tcaan ûn gī, dō na dic tsañ ûngī, dō na dic tsañ ingī, dōna dic tcûn in ge, na din cûñ ûñ, na del tca mûñ, dō na dil cañ, dō na dûl cañ ûn gī, na dōʟ cûñ ûn, na dī gic ʟ tcañ, na dī gicʟtcañ, na dic tca, kō na del tca, na dōʟ cûñ ûnnadic cuñdjiin-naatghiishchaangadvnoonkonaadeeltcaangn atablenaa-chʾ..ltcaanvteat soupshoonkʾaa naadiishtcaang, Shtaaʾexprprayer before meal
naa-d-gh..lhʾaalhvtstand O up alongHainakʾaaʾ doo-tcʾooʾdai naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He didn't give out, putting them up way to the south, they say.GT02b 26.13Neeʾdilbai naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up grey pines along, they say.GT02b 26.9Too chʾghiliin-bang neeʾ naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.So the water would flow he stood the land up along on its edge, they say.GT02b 32.7Tsʾisnooʾ naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up mountains along, they say.GT02b 33.6Gaashchow lhaaʾhaaʾtaah naaʾtghilhʾaalh yaaʾnii.He stood up redwoods along one at a time, they say.GT02b 41.27.3.1.5Set uprightprog. 3anim.+ 3 obj.naaʾtghilhʾaalhhe stood them (trees/land/stones) up alongSource forms: na t gûʟ ᵋaʟ, na t gûʟ ᵋąʟ, nat gûʟ ᵋąʟna t gûʟ ᵋąʟna te gûL aL, na te gûL ûL, na ta gûL ûL, nata gûL ûL
naa-d-gh..lhghaalhvtpour pl O down along1.3.2.2Pourprog. 3anim.+ 3 obj.naaʾtghilhghaalhthey pour them down alongder. ofgh-2PROGnaa-d-(s)..lhghaalh/ghaalʾpour O down-lhprogressive suffixSource forms: na t gûʟ gąʟ
naadibeeʾlet us swim (individually)opt.1pl.naa-(ghin)..bee/beeʾsg. swim aroundSource forms: na de be
naadigheeʾlet's carry themopt.1pl.+ 3 obj.naa..ghish/ghiin2carry load O aroundSource forms: na dę geᵋ bûñ
naadikeeʾlet us swimopt.1pl.naa-(ghin)..keeʾpl. swim aroundSource forms: na(de) ke, na de ʼke
naadilchown apine nuts shellstrung as beads, as on skirt fringeswhchaaʾ-tcʾeeldeelhwoman's fringed skirtnaadeelʾ 1sugar pine5.4Adornment1.5.5Parts of a plantder. ofnaadeelʾsugar pine-chowaugmentativeSource forms: na dil tcō
naadildeekatlet's come backopt.1pl.naa-(nin)..ldkatpl. come backSource forms: tca na dûl de kût