hʷisɨs nf. hedgehog hérisson (6 groups, 15 languages) C
The initial *hʷ has become *w in Proto-Hurza and Margi, *u in Proto-Mandara, and has developed into the labialisation prosody in Mbuko and Gemzek, with or without the *h component. It has become *h in Proto-Higi and has been lost in several languages of the Mofu group. These are all common sporadic changes. The /f/ in Kirya could be a development of *h, or the root could be unrelated. In Buwal, Merey and Mofu North there is evidence for a glottal consonant in the word. The form that we have reconstructed could be a reflex of a reduplicated form such as *hʷisa-hʷisa. If there was a glottal consonant, the original root may have been *hʷisaɗ, with the other forms coming from simplified versions of the reduplicated root. More data is needed to clarify this.
1Proto-Daba *hʷasasaɓ hedgehog hérisson 1.1) Buwal (Viljoen) hʷɑsɑsɑɓ cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson
2Proto-Hurza *wɨsa hedgehog hérisson 2.1) Mbuko (Gravina) usos hedgehog hérison 2.2) Vame (Kinnaird) āwúʃāwúʃà hedgehog hérisson
3Proto-Margi *hʷisɨ hedgehog hérisson 3.1) Bura (Blench) hʷisa Hedgehog Erinaceus albiventris hérisson 3.2) Margi (Hoffman) wisə hedgehog hérisson
4Proto-Mandara *ususa hedgehog hérisson 4.1) Mandara (Fluckiger) úsusa hérisson (m) 4.2) Malgwa (Löhr) ususa hedgehog hérisson
5Proto-Mofu *hʷasɨs hedgehog hérisson 5.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) āsás hedgehog hérisson 5.2) Muyang (Smith) ɑsus hedgehog hérisson 5.3) Zulgo (Haller) asús hérisson m. 5.4) Gemzek (Sabatai) hosos cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson 5.5) Merey (Gravina) ɗasus cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson 5.6) Mofu North (Barreteau) ʔōʔōs hérisson
6Proto-Higi *hasɨsɨ hedgehog hérisson 6.1) Kirya (Blench) físà hedgehog hérisson 6.2) Bana (Lienhard) xàsə́sə̀ hérisson
The initial *hʷ has become *w in Proto-Hurza and Margi, *u in Proto-Mandara, and has developed into the labialisation prosody in Mbuko and Gemzek, with or without the *h component. It has become *h in Proto-Higi and has been lost in several languages of the Mofu group. These are all common sporadic changes. The /f/ in Kirya could be a development of *h, or the root could be unrelated. In Buwal, Merey and Mofu North there is evidence for a glottal consonant in the word. The form that we have reconstructed could be a reflex of a reduplicated form such as *hʷisa-hʷisa. If there was a glottal consonant, the original root may have been *hʷisaɗ, with the other forms coming from simplified versions of the reduplicated root. More data is needed to clarify this.
1Proto-Daba *hʷasasaɓ hedgehog hérisson 1.1) Buwal (Viljoen) hʷɑsɑsɑɓ cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson
2Proto-Hurza *wɨsa hedgehog hérisson 2.1) Mbuko (Gravina) usos hedgehog hérison 2.2) Vame (Kinnaird) āwúʃāwúʃà hedgehog hérisson
3Proto-Margi *hʷisɨ hedgehog hérisson 3.1) Bura (Blench) hʷisa Hedgehog Erinaceus albiventris hérisson 3.2) Margi (Hoffman) wisə hedgehog hérisson
4Proto-Mandara *ususa hedgehog hérisson 4.1) Mandara (Fluckiger) úsusa hérisson (m) 4.2) Malgwa (Löhr) ususa hedgehog hérisson
5Proto-Mofu *hʷasɨs hedgehog hérisson 5.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) āsás hedgehog hérisson 5.2) Muyang (Smith) ɑsus hedgehog hérisson 5.3) Zulgo (Haller) asús hérisson m. 5.4) Gemzek (Sabatai) hosos cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson 5.5) Merey (Gravina) ɗasus cane rat, cutting grass, grass cutter hérisson 5.6) Mofu North (Barreteau) ʔōʔōs hérisson
6Proto-Higi *hasɨsɨ hedgehog hérisson 6.1) Kirya (Blench) físà hedgehog hérisson 6.2) Bana (Lienhard) xàsə́sə̀ hérisson
