ᦏᦱᧉtʰaa³5001pre-verbmust; have toᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦷᦂ.You don't have to worry.ᦍᧂ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦠᦱ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦉᧂ ᦙᦱ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦉ ᦃᦲᦰ ᦣᦱ.I must find something to bring as evidence.ᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦎᧄ ᦶᦎᧅᧈ ᦵᦓᦲ, ᦁᧃ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦆ ᦂᧁᧈ ᦂᦸᧃᧈ.Don't bump into it. It is an antique.ᦆᦴᦉᦸᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ, ᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦓᧇ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦓᧇ ᦀᧁ ᦷᦆ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ.Teacher told us we shouldn't take things of other people.9.4.2.3Necessary 2verb (intransitive)to waitᦏᦱᧉ ᦵᦂᦲᧃᧈ ᦤᦸ ᦵᦓᦲ, ᦎᦲᦰ ᦺᦔ ᦏᦱᧄ ᦑᦸᧂᦰ ᦡᦴ.Wait a moment. I will go ask.ᦏᦱᧉ ᦡᦱᧁ ᦵᦣᦲᧈ ᦎᦲᧄ ᦝᦱᧉ ᦙᦱ.Wait until the stars are shining brightly.ᦏᦱᧉ ᦑᦸᧂᦰ ᦗᦻ ᦏᦱᧃᧉ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦅᧄᧉ ᦋᦾᧈ ᦶᦔᧂ ᦺᦖᧈ.They waited to see if the authorities would help them rebuild.ᦃᧁ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦎᦱ ᦗᦸ ᦵᦣᦲᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦠᧃ ᦶᦙᧁ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦙᦱ.They waited until their eyes glowed but they didn't see the cat coming out.7.2.7.3Wait3verb (transitive)to wait forᦶᦙᧈ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦶᦀ ᦀᦲᧆ ᧚.Mother, wait for me a moment.ᦣᦱ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦗᦻ ᦓᦸᧅ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦆᦲᧂ.I will be waiting for you outside.ᦂᦱᧃ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦃᧁ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦉᧂ ᦐᦲᧈ?What kind of work was awaiting them?ᦀᧁ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲ ᦜᦱᧄ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈ ᧞.She cooked rice and waited for her parents.7.2.7.3Waitᦊᦱᧈᦏᦱᧉᦏᦱᧉᦅᦸᧂᦏᦱᧉᦏᦱᧉᦅᦸᧂᦅᦸᧂᦺᦔᦏᦱᧉᦺᦗᦏᦱᧉᦺᦗᧉᦏᦱᧉᦢᧁᧈᦏᦱᧉ
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ᦶᦏᧄtʰæm¹5001conjunctionalsoᦗᦸ ᦡᦻ ᦷᦀᧃᧉ ᦙᦾᧈ ᦶᦑᧉ, ᦶᦏᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦱ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦁᦱ ᦠᦱᧃ.They were already tired and also they couldn't find any food.ᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦁᧇ ᦶᦅᧁᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦙᧃ ᧞ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦍᦰ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦆᦹᧂᧈ ᧚.I will give the princess to him and also I will split half the kingdom with him.ᦙᧃ ᦷᦂ ᦅᧄ ᦔᦱᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦊᧄ, ᦶᦏᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦷᦂ ᦵᦉ ᦵᦙ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ.He was afraid his words would not be respected, and also he was afraid he would lose his wife to somebody else.8.4.5.1.3Next2verb (intransitive)to increaseᦺᦆ ᦶᦂᧇᧈ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦜᦻ.Your dandruff will increase.ᦘᦰ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦐᧅ.The disease may increase in seriousness.ᦵᦍᧂᧈ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ ᦣᧂᧈ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦌᧄᧉ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦙᦲ.The richer somebody is, the more what he has will increase.8.1.4.2Increase3verb (transitive)to add; increaseᦶᦏᧄ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦙᧃ.Put petrol in the car.ᦷᦔ ᦨᦱᧃ ᦵᦆᦲ ᦶᦎᧂ ᦵᦗᦲᧈ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦶᦃᧂ ᦶᦣᧂ.Care for the melon vines to increase their strength.ᦅᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦉᦲᧅ ᦙᦱ, ᦶᦏᧄ “ᦃ ᦐᦱᧃ” ᦺᦉᧈ ᦗᦻ ᦎᦸᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦋᦹᧈ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦓᦾᧉ.If he leaves the monkhood, he adds the title 'Xanan' in front of his childhood name.7.5.2.3Add to something4numeralanother [Note: Used with a number and a classifier.]ᦅᦹᧆ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦔᦲᧃᧈ ᦊᦱᧈ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦵᦋᦲᧉ ᧚.He figured out another method.ᦀᧁ ᦆᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦣᦱ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦀᦸᧄ ᧚.Bring me another crock of gold.ᦀᧁ ᦶᦉᧃ ᦵᦆᧁ ᦺᦠᧈ ᦶᦏᧄ ᧓ ᦅᧄ.She tapped three more times with the back of the sickle.8.3.5.2.4Other5post-verbmore; againᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦎᦸᧇᧈ ᦅᧄ ᦉᧂ ᦶᦏᧄ.He couldn't speak any more.ᦂᦲᧃ ᦶᦎᧂ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦣᦱᧈ?Did you eat more watermelon?ᦍᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦀᦲᧄᧈ ᦑᦸᧂᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦃᦸ ᦶᦏᧄ.She wasn't full so she asked for more.ᦃᧁ ᦷᦃ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦂᧃ ᧞ ᦎᧂᧉ ᦅᧁᧉ ᦶᦔᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦶᦏᧄ.They laughed at each other and started to build the house again.ᦅᧃ ᦵᦈᧇ ᦌᦱᧂᧈ ᧞ ᦕᦳᧄ ᦷᦠ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦔᦳᧂᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦶᦏᧄ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ.If there is an injury the hair may not be able to grow again.8.4.6.6.1Againᦀᦲᧅᧈ ᦶᦏᧄᦋᦸᧄᦶᦏᧄᦶᦏᧉᦶᦏᧄᦶᦏᧄᦶᦃᧂᦶᦣᧂᦂᦱᧃᦶᦏᧄᦶᦏᧉᦶᦏᧄᦺᦞᦶᦏᧄᦵᦟᦲᧆ
ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉtʰɤn³5001verb (intransitive)to finishᦀᧁ ᦺᦔ ᦐᦹᧂᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ.Steam it and then it is finished.ᦀᧁ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦂᦴ ᧑᧐ ᦖᦹᧃᧈ ᦶᦍᧃᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ.Give me 100,000 yuan and we will call it a deal.6.1.2.3.5Complete, finish2post-verbfinished; completelyᦋᦴᧈ ᦅᦱᧈ ᦵᦊᧇ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉ ᧟, ᦏᧁᧉ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦙᦱ ᦃᦸ ᦶᦑᧉ.As soon as she finished sewing it, the old man came up and asked for it.ᦂᦴ ᦈᧅ ᦎᦻ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉ.I am going to die.9.3.2Completelyᦶᦎᧈᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉᦢᧁᧈᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉᦢᧁᧈ᧟
ᦏᦽᧉᦺᦈtʰoj³caj¹5001verb (intransitive)to breathe; pantᦠᦹᧉ ᦏᦽᧉ ᦺᦈ ᦙᦱ ᦠᦱ ᦺᦈ ᦺᦡᧉ.Help them to breathe and regain consciousness.ᦅᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦏᦽᧉ ᦺᦈ, ᦺᦈ ᦃᦱᧆ ᧞ ᦎᦻ ᦺᦔ.If they cannot breathe, their heart will stop and they will die.2.2.1Breathe, breath2verb (intransitive)to sighᦏᦽᧉ ᦺᦈ ᦶᦣᧂ ᦅᧄ ᧚ ᧞ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦵᦉ ᦣᦱᧂᧉ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦡᦲ ᦵᦂᦲᧃᧈ.”He gave a deep sigh and said, 'If we get divorced it is a good thing.ᦷᦍᧅ ᦷᦠ ᦕᦸᧈ ᦑᦸᧂᦰ ᦷᦆᧂ ᦝᦱᧉ, ᦏᦽᧉ ᦺᦈ ᦣᦻᧉ ᦅᧄ ᧚.She raised her head to the sky, and gave a deep sigh.3.4.2.1Sad2.4.4Tiredᦏᦽᧉ1ᦺᦈ1ᦏᦽᧉᦺᦈᦃᦹᧃᧉᦏᦽᧉᦺᦈᦟᦳᧂᦏᦽᧉᦺᦈᦩᧂᧉ
ᦏᧁᧉtʰaw³5001nounan old person. [Note: ᦏᧁᧉ is used pronominally in the 1st person by older people.]ᦅᦳᧃ1 3ᦎᧂᧉ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦏᧁᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦃᧁ.From then on the old woman lived with them.ᦏᧁᧉ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦺᦈ ᦡᦲ ᦂᧇ ᦜᦱᧃ.I am pleased with you, my grandson.2.6.4.5Old person2adjectiveold (of people); elderlyᦅᦳᧃ ᦏᧁᧉ ᧞ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦐᦳᧄᧈ.Old people and young people.2.6.4.5Old person8.4.6.5.2Old, not young3adjectivegruff; huskyᦵᦉᧂ ᦏᧁᧉ.Husky voice.2.3.2.3Types of sounds4classifierclassifier for older peopleᦃᧁ ᧒ ᦏᧁᧉ ᦉᧁᧉ ᦖᦸᧂ.The two old people were sad.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦶᦂᧈᦏᧁᧉᦅᦳᧃᦏᧁᧉᦉᦱᧁᦏᧁᧉᦉᦱᧁᦏᧁᧉᦉᦱᧁᦵᦠᦲᧅᧈᦍᦱᧈᦏᧁᧉᦎᦸᧈᦟᦹᧂᦏᦹᧂᦏᧁᧉᦏᧁᧉᦶᦂᧈᦏᧁᧉᦋᦻᦏᧁᧉᦍᦱᧈᦏᧁᧉᦍᦲᧂᦏᧁᧉᦐᦳᧄᧈᦏᧁᧉᦔᦴᧈᦔᦴᧈᦏᧁᧉᦗᦸᧈᦏᧁᧉᦶᦙᧈᦏᧁᧉᦢᦱᧁᧈᦏᧁᧉᦢᦱᧁᧈᦏᧁᧉᦢᦱᧁᧈᦵᦠᦲᧅᧈ
ᦏᦹᧂtʰɯŋ¹5001verb (transitive)to reach; arrive atᦏᦹᧂ ᦍᦱᧄ ᦶᦌᧁ ᦵᦀᧂᧈ ᦂᧃ ᦞᧃ ᦓᧃᧉ.It reached the day of the boat race.ᦋᦴᧉ ᦵᦙ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦍᦲᧃ ᦃᧁ ᦷᦕ ᦵᦙ ᦀᦳᧇᧈ ᦂᧃ.When the wife's lover reached the house he heard the husband and wife talking.7.2.3.3.1Arrive2prepositiontoᦷᦋ ᦂᧃ ᦵᦙᦲ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦚᧂᧈ ᦐᦸᧂ.They went to the side of the lake.ᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦷᦋ ᦙᧃ ᦵᦙᦲ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦷᦣᧂ ᦵᦣᧃ ᦓᦾᧉ.His parents took him to school.ᦶᦙᧈ ᦘᦰ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦶᦕᧈ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦶᦀᧅᧈ ᦷᦠ.The germs spread to her brain.8.5.2.7Towards3prepositionabout; concerningᦎᦳᧂᧈ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦆᦱᧁᧈ ᦂᦴ ᦣᦱᧈ?Does he know about my reputation?ᦅᦹᧆ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦗᦲᧈ ᦓᦸᧂᧉ ᦑᧂ ᦜᦻ, ᦙᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦠᧃ ᦃᧁ ᦗᦸ ᧒ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ!He thought about all his siblings. He would never see them again.3.5.1.2.9Be about, subjectᦎᦸᧈᦟᦹᧂᦏᦹᧂᦏᧁᧉᦏᦹᧂᦑᦲᧈᦕᦷᦂᧆᦏᦹᧂᦟᦓᦹᧅᦅᦹᧆᦏᦹᧂᦣᦴᧉᦣᦸᧆᦈᦸᧆᧈᦏᦹᧂᦣᦴᧉᦣᦸᧆᦑᦸᧆᦏᦹᧂᦣᦴᧉᦣᦸᧆᦠᧃᦏᦹᧂ
ᦏᦱᧄtʰaam¹500verb (transitive)to askᦏᦱᧄ ᦅᧄ ᦏᦱᧄ.He asked a question.ᦏᦱᧄ ᦀᧁ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦱᧉ ᦗᦸᧅ.He asked the merchant to give it back to him.ᦏᦱᧄ ᦞᦱᧈ, “ᦔᦲᧃ ᦉᧂ ᦙᦹ ᦔᧁᧈ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦙᦱ?”She asked, 'Why are you coming back empty-handed?'3.5.1.5Askᦵᦃᧁᧉᦏᦱᧄᦃᧇᦺᦆᧈᦺᦎᧈᦏᦱᧄᦅᧄᦏᦱᧄᦉᦴᧈᦏᦱᧄᦉᦲᧂᧈᦏᦱᧄᦶᦌᧃᧉᦏᦱᧄᦺᦎᧈᦏᦱᧄᦺᦎᧈᦓᧄᦏᦱᧄᦠᦱᦏᦸᧂᧉᦏᦱᧄᦏᦱᧄᦌᦹᧂᧈᦏᦱᧄᦺᦎᧉᦏᦱᧄᦵᦐᦲᦏᦱᧄᦵᦣᧃᦏᦱᧄᦣᦱᧂᧉᦏᦱᧄᦩᦱᧂᧈᦏᦱᧄᦣᦸᧃᧉᦏᦱᧄᦺᦖᧉᦗᦲᧆᦏᦱᧄᦺᦙᧉᦏᦱᧄ
ᦏᦳᧅᧈ1tʰuuk²ᦏᦳᧅ5001pre-verbshouldᦆᦲᧂ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦷᦠᧆ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦷᦉᧃ ᦕᧅ.You should water the vegetable garden.ᦃᦾᧉ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦺᦙᧈ ᧞, ᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦓᧃᧉ.I regret it. I should not have done it.ᦟᦱᧂ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦵᦅᦲᧂ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦵᦅᦲᧂ.Sometimes you worry when you should not worry.ᦺᦂᧉ ᦂᦲᧄᧈ ᦣᦲᧄ ᦈᧄ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦅᦹᧆ ᦵᦕᦲᧈ ᦵᦎᦲᧄᧈ ᦋᦾᧈ ᦂᧃ.Our close neighbours: we should think about them and help each other.9.4.3.2Hortative2pre-verbhave happen to one; endureᦷᦎ ᦂ ᦑᧄ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦣᦻᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦆᦸᧅ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦅᦱ ᧟.The one who did the evil is in gaol in chains.ᦐᦴ ᦋᦲᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦈᦸᧉ ᦠᦱᧁᧈ ᦁᧃ ᦘᦱᧃ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧈ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦓᧃᧉ.A mouse got stuck in a trap that a hunter had laid down.ᦍᦳᧂ ᦢᦲᧃ ᦺᦔ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦺᦍ ᦂᦳᧂᧉ ᦂᦱᧁ, ᧞ ᦈᦸᧉ ᦂᦳᧂᧉ ᦂᦱᧁ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦵᦉ.The mosquito flew into a spider web and got eaten by the spider.ᦅᧃ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦷᦜᧈ ᦵᦎᦲᧄᧈ ᦉᧂ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦅᦾᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦢᦸᧅᧈ ᦀᦲᦰ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦃᧁ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦎᦲᧄᧈ ᦃᦾᧉ ᦤᦸᦰ.If you ever need help with anything, tell my wife and we will help you.4.4.3.6Endure3adjectivecorrect; rightᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦡᦲ ᦂᦴ ᦶᦎᧆ ᦆᦸ ᦙᦹᧂ.It would be right for me to cut off your head.ᦢᧁᧈ ᦈᧇ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦅᦸᧂ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦕᦴᧉ ᦍᦲᧂ ᦣᧁ ᦤᦻ.It isn't correct by the customs of us women.ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦙ ᦠ ᦅᦎᦲᦰ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦒᧄ ᦘᦰ ᦈᧁᧉ.Greed is not right by the teachings of the Buddha.3.6.5Correct4verb (transitive)to touchᦃᧁ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦵᦓᦲᧉ ᦂᦻ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᧃ.They touched each other.8.5.1.5Touching, contactᦶᦉᧁᦂᦲᧃᧈᦢᧁᧈᦏᦳᧅᧈᦉᦳᧄᦏᦳᧅᧈᦷᦎᧅᦏᦳᧅᧈᦏᦳᧅᧈᦷᦀᧅᦏᦳᧅᧈᦺᦈᦏᦳᧅᧈᦷᦅᧃᦏᦳᧅᧈᦺᦈᦏᦳᧅᧈᦎᦱᦏᦳᧅᧈᦐᦱᧉᦝᦱᧉᦡᦲᦔᦲᦏᦳᧅᧈ
ᦐᦱᧉnaa³5001nounfaceᦐᦱᧉ 9ᦖᦱᧅ ᦟᦳᧄ ᦊᦱᧂ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦶᦎᧄᧉ ᦷᦣᧇ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦓᦾᧉ ᦁᧃ ᦡᦲ ᦣᧅ ᦓᧃᧉ.On the balloon was drawn a picture of a cute little face.ᦙᦲ ᦶᦞᧃᧈ ᦑᦲᧇ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚, ᦏᦸᧂᧈ ᦶᦈᧇ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦺᦕ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦱᧅ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦐᧄ ᦇᦱᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ.There was a magic mirror. Whoever's face was shown would become beautiful.2.1.1Head2nounpageᦺᦆᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦀᦱᧃᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦎᦸᧈ ᦺᦔ.If you want to know about this then read the following pages.ᦙᦲ ᦀᦲᦰ ᦞᦸᧅ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦶᦎᧃᧈ ᦓᧁ ᦠᧃᧉ.A monkey appeared on my computer page.3.5.7.2Written material3nounsurfaceᦐᦱᧉ ᦶᦕᧃᧈ ᦡᦲᧃ.The surface of the earth.ᦎᦱ ᦞᧃ ᦕᦳᧆ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦉ ᦖᦳᧆ.The sun rose from the surface of the ocean.8.6Parts of things8.6.4.1Outer part4nounfrontᦐᦱᧉ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ.The front of a house.ᦐᦱᧉ ᦅᦸᧂᧉ ᦉᦸᧃ. The front of a classroom.ᦐᦱᧉ ᦗᦸᧇ.The front cover of a book.8.6.1Front5adjectivenext in timeᦔᦲ ᦐᦱᧉ.Next year.ᦋᦱᧆ ᦐᦱᧉ.One's next life.8.4.5.1.3Next6adjectivefrontᦶᦢᧉ ᦷᦍᧅ ᦃᦱ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦃᦹᧃᧉThe goat lifted up its front leg.ᦟᦲᧃᧉ ᦵᦃᧆᧈ ᦙᧃ ᦅᧁᧉ ᦟᦲᧃᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦷᦉᧇ ᦗᦻ ᦐᦱᧉ.A frog: the root of their tongue is at the front part of their mouth.8.6.1Front7prepositionin front of; beforeᦀᧁ ᦶᦃᧇ ᦶᦙᧃᧉ ᦑᧄ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦶᦑᧃᧈ ᦓᦸᧃ.She put her slippers in front of the bed.ᦓᧂᧈ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦺᦝ ᦀᧁ ᦵᦉᦲᧉ ᦠᦲᧂ ᦺᦝ ᦊᦴᧈ.He sat in front of the fire to dry his clothes.8.4.5.2Before8post-verbforwardsᦙᧃ ᦷᦔᧅ ᦆᦸ ᦵᦜᧁ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦵᦜᧁ ᦜᧂ.It raised its head and looked forwards and backwards.ᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦍᦸ ᦎᦲᧃ ᦎᧄ ᦷᦎᧅ ᦦᦱᧈ ᦡᦲᧃ ᦺᦗ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦗᦳᧃᧈ ᧟.She raised her foot and fell forwards onto the ground.ᦐᦲᧉ ᦵᦙᦲ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦣᧁ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦑᧅ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦕᦱᧃ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ. From here on forwards we will never be poor again.8.5.2.1Forward7.2.2.1Move forward9classifierclassifier for pages, for facesᦶᦎᧄᧉ ᦆᦹᧂᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ.He wrote half a page.ᦺᦓ ᦶᦞᧃᧈ ᧘ ᦃᦲᧇᧈ ᦠᧃ ᧕ ᦅᦳᧃ ᧘ ᦐᦱᧉ.In those eight pieces of mirror he saw a person with eight faces.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦀᦻ ᦐᦱᧉᦀᦸᧃ ᦐᦱᧉᦵᦃᧁᧉᦐᦱᧉᦵᦃᧁᧉᦐᦱᧉᦶᦇᦃᦻᦃᦲᧉᦐᦱᧉᦃᦻᦐᦱᧉᦵᦉᦐᦱᧉᦉᦻᦐᦱᧉᦉᦸᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦺᦊᧈᦐᦱᧉᦺᦊᧈᦐᦱᧉᦂᦱᧉᦢᦱᧃᦌᦸᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦎᦸᧈᦐᦱᧉᦏᦳᧅᧈᦐᦱᧉᦐᦱᧉᦷᦀᧅᦐᦱᧉᦵᦀᦲᧅᦐᦱᧉᦶᦆᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦵᦉᦲᧅᦐᦱᧉᦉᦱᧁᦐᦱᧉᦉᧇᦷᦂᧅᦷᦄᧅᦐᦱᧉᦋᦳᧄᧈᦐᦱᧉᦶᦍᧄᧉᦐᦱᧉᦍᦱᧁᦐᦱᧉᦎᦱᦐᦱᧉᦎᦻᦐᦱᧉᦎᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦐᦱᦐᦱᧉᦑᦲᧈᦶᦑᧉᦐᦱᧉᦶᦑᧉᦐᦱᧉᦵᦑᦲᧅᦐᦱᧉᦑᧇᦐᦱᧉᦺᦓᧈᦐᦱᧉᦔᦸᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦕᦱᦐᦱᧉᦕᦱᧅᦐᦱᧉᦺᦖᧈᦐᦱᧉᦙᦹᧆᦐᦱᧉᦜᧂᦐᦱᧉᦟᦻᦐᦱᧉᦠᦲᧃᦐᦱᧉᦕᦱᦐᦱᧉᦡᦲᦐᦱᧉᦵᦡᦲᧃᦐᦱᧉᦡᧄᦐᦱᧉᦢᦱᧁᧈᦐᦱᧉᦢᦱᧃᧉᦎᦱᦷᦃᧂᧈᦐᦱᧉᦢᦲᧆᦐᦱᧉᦵᦢᧁᧉᦑᦱᧂᦐᦱᧉᦑᦸᧂᦰᦐᦱᧉᦒᦲᦐᦱᧉᦓᦲᦰᦐᦱᧉᦓᧄᧉᦍᦸᧄᧉᦐᦱᧉᦓᧄᧉᦐᦱᧉᦔᦱᧅᦣᦸᧈᦕᦸᧈᦐᦱᧉᦕᦱᧉᦵᦋᧆᦐᦱᧉᦕᦲ᧒ᦐᦱᧉᦕᦲ᧒ᦐᦱᧉᦘᦱᧉ᧒ᦆᦳᧄᦕᦸᧈᦐᦱᧉᦕᦲᧁᦐᦱᧉᦵᦙᦲᦐᦱᧉᦵᦙᦲᧈᦐᦱᧉᦶᦜᧂᧉᦐᦱᧉᦞᧃᦐᦱᧉᦟᦻᦐᦱᧉᦷᦠᦐᦱᧉᦠᧃᦐᦱᧉᦠᦳᧃᧈᦐᦱᧉᦡᦳᧅᧈᦐᦱᧉᦶᦆᧂᧈᦵᦢᦲᧈᦜᧂᦋᧂᦐᦱᧉᦵᦢᦲᧂᧉᦐᦱᧉᦺᦢᦐᦱᧉ
ᦐᦲᧈnii²500final particlea particle used with wh- questions [Note: This is usually used with a rhetorical question. Often the speaker is setting up for their own answer to the question.]ᦈᧅ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦣᦹ ᦣᧅ ᦉᦱ ᦕᦳᧄ ᦷᦠ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦡᦲ ᦐᦲᧈ?How does one keep one's hair looking good?ᦕᦴᧉ ᦉᦳᧂᧈ ᦟᦻ ᦍᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ, ᦞᧃ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦑᦱᧃᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦐᦲᧈ?The postman hadn't come yet. Would he come today?ᦘ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦋᦰ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦀᦸᧃᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦔᦸᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦜᦻ, ᦔᦲᧃ ᦶᦎᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦉᧂ ᦐᦲᧈ?Many children get this disease. Where does it come from?ᦵᦔᧆ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦉᧂ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦟᦾ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦺᦂᧈ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦟᦾ ᦐᦲᧈ? Why can ducks swim but chickens can't?9.4.3.3Interrogative 9.2.3.4Question words
ᦐᦲᧉ1nii³500demonstrative pronounhere; now; this placeᦔᦲᧃ ᦉᧂ ᦙᦱ ᦓᦸᧃ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦐᦲᧉ?Why did you come and sleep here?ᦎᧂᧉ ᦐᦲᧉ ᦺᦔ, ᦉᦴ ᦈᧅ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦀᧁ ᦀᦾᧉ ᦶᦂᧁᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦂᦴ ᦋᦴᧈ ᦞᧃ.From now on you must give me sweets every day.ᦞᧃ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦐᦲᧉ ᦞᧃ ᦘᦳᧅ ᦅᦾᧈ ᦎᦸᦰ ᦵᦙᦲ.Today I will do it up to here; tomorrow I will continue.8.4.6.3.1Now8.5.1Here, thereᦐᦲᧉᦠᧃᧉᦵᦜᧁᦐᦲᧉᦞᦱᧅᦠᧃᧉ
ᦐᦴnuu¹500nounmouse; ratfamily Muridaeᦷᦎ 5ᦃᦳᧃ ᦐᦴ.Mouse fur.ᦣᦴ ᦐᦴ.A mouse hole.ᦎᧄᧈ ᦐᦴ.A mouse trap.ᦐᦴ ᦣᦸᧂᧉ ᦋᦲᧅ ᦋᦲᧅ ᦋᦸᧅ ᦋᦸᧅ.Mice cry 'cik cik cok cok'.ᦐᦴ ᦷᦃᧇ ᦵᦉᦲᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦣᦴ.A mouse gnawed a hole in my clothes.ᦐᦴ ᦙᦱ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦓᦱ.The rats ate the paddy rice.1.6.1.1.4Rodentᦶᦃᧃᦐᦴᦃᦳᧃᦐᦴᦈᦸᧃᧈᦣᦸᧅᦐᦴᦺᦐᧈᦊᦱᦐᦴᦐᦴᦅᦳᧅᦐᦴᦋᦲᧅᦐᦴᦗᦳᧅᦷᦓᧅᦐᦴᦠᦱᧂᦐᦴ
ᦵᦐᦲnɤɤ¹5001prepositiononᦔᦴ ᦵᦉᦲᧈ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦡᦲᧃ.Spread mats on the ground.ᦵᦣᦲ ᦵᦑᧁ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦓᧄᧉ.Boats travel on water.ᦎᦲᧆ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦌᧂᧉ.Post it on the wall.ᦵᦐᦲ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦙᦲ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦅᦳᧃ?How many people are in the house? [People are 'on' a house because traditional houses are built up on stilts.]8.5.1.3On2prepositionabove; overᦉᧅ ᦀᧁ ᦔᦱ, ᦢᦲᧃ ᦶᦏᧆ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦺᦔ.It grabbed a fish in its mouth and flew off over the water.ᦍᦸᧃᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦃᦳᧄ ᦏᦱᧃᧈ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦍᧂ ᦣᦸᧃᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ, ᦅᦳᧃ ᦺᦔ ᦶᦈᧃᧈ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦀᦳᧃᧈ.Because the charcoal pit was still hot, the people standing above it were warm.8.5.1.3.1Above3adjectiveupperᦃᦸᧂ ᦵᦐᦲ.The upper Mekong River.ᦷᦣᧂ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦏᦱᧃᧉ ᦵᦐᦲ. An upper level department.ᦗᦲᧈ ᦓᦸᧂᧉ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᦗᦻ ᦵᦐᦲ.A relative from the upper village.8.6.2Top8.2.6.3High4nounnorthᦑᦲᧇ2 2ᦔ ᦎᦴ ᦵᦐᦲ.The north gate.ᦓᧄᧉ ᦺᦜ ᦣᦸᧆ ᦐᦲᧉ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦔᧃᧈ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦗᦻ ᦵᦐᦲ.The river flows this far and then turns back north.8.5.2.8North, south, east, west5post-verbupᦟᦴᧅ ᦀᦸᧃᧈ ᦁᧃ ᧒ ᦵᦡᦲᧃ ᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦵᦐᦲ.Children from two months up.ᦎᦻ ᦺᦡᧉ ᧓ ᦞᧃ ᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦵᦐᦲ.It has been dead for three days or more.ᦀᦻ ᦟᦳᧄ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦶᦕᧃᧈ ᦡᦲᧃ ᦣᦸᧃᧉ ᦶᦣᧂ ᧞ ᦗᧆ ᦗᦳᧂᧈ ᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦵᦐᦲ ᦥᦳᧃ ᦁᦱ ᦂᦱᧆ.The air on the surface of the land is very hot, and it thrusts up to the top of the air.7.2.2.4Move up8.5.2.4Upᦂᦱᧃᦵᦐᦲᦷᦜᧂᦈᧁᧉᦵᦐᦲᦷᦠᦺᦎᧉᦺᦎᧉᦵᦐᦲᦵᦐᦲᦺᦎᧉᦵᦐᦲᦏᦱᧃᧉᦵᦐᦲᦵᦐᦲᦂᦱᧆᦵᦐᦲᦂᦱᧆᦵᦐᦲᦟᦲᦵᦐᦲᦉᦐᦱᧄᦵᦐᦲᦶᦉᧃᧈᦵᦐᦲᦵᦌᦲᧃᦵᦐᦲᦷᦜᧂᦵᦐᦲᦷᦟᧅᦺᦑᦵᦐᦲᦘᦵᦐᦲᦷᦠᦠᦳᧃᦵᦐᦲᦢᦱᧃᧉᦺᦎᧉᦓᦱᦵᦐᦲ
ᦐᦽᧈnoj²5001nounfruitᦐᦽᧈ 3ᦈᧇ ᦐᦽᧈ.Bear fruit.ᦢᦲᧆ ᦐᦽᧈ.Pick fruit.ᦐᦽᧈ ᦜᦳᧃᧈ ᦍᦱᧄ ᦋᧁᧉ.The fruit fell off early.ᦎᧂᧉ ᦶᦎᧈ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦡᦸᧅᧈ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦐᦽᧈ ᦉᦳᧅ ᦕ ᦖᦱᧃ ᧓᧐ ᦞᧃ.From when they flower to when the fruit is ripe takes about 30 days.5.2.3.1.2Food from fruit2nounseed (usually a small seed, as of chillis, oranges)ᦐᦽᧈ 3ᦵᦙᧆ1 3ᦃᧁᧉ ᦐᦽᧈ. Seed rice.ᦐᦽᧈ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦈᦳᧅ.Orange seeds.ᦐᦽᧈ ᦊᦱᧉ.Grass seeds.ᦐᦽᧈ ᦟᦱᧉ.Tea seeds.ᦐᦽᧈ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦃᦱᧄ.Tamarind seeds.ᦌᦽᧈ ᦘᦲᧅ ᧟ ᦃᦸᧅ ᦐᦽᧈ ᦙᧃ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ.Wash the peppers and scrape out the seeds.1.5.5Parts of a plant3classifierclassifier for round things (fruit, stones, pots, drums, caves), containers and booksᦖᦱᧅ ᦃ ᦶᦐᧆ ᧒ ᦐᦽᧈ.Two pineapples.ᦺᦃᧈ ᧑᧐ ᦐᦽᧈ.Ten eggs.ᦏᦳᧂ ᦷᦜᧂ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚.A big bag.ᦃᧁᧉ ᦶᦀᧇ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚.A rice basket.ᦐᦸᧂ ᦔᦱ ᦷᦜᧂ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚.A big fish pond.ᦗᦸᧇ ᦶᦎᧄᧉ ᧒ ᦐᦽᧈ.Two notebooks.ᦟᦲᧄᧉ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚.A cupboard.ᦖᦱᧅ ᦠᦲᧃ ᦜᦻ ᦐᦽᧈ.Lots of rocks.ᦖᦱᧅ ᦵᦜᧅ ᦷᦣ ᦐᦽᧈ ᦓᦲᦰ.This cowbell.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦃᧁᧉᦐᦽᧈᦵᦋᦲᧉᦎᦳᧄᧈᦐᦽᧈᦐᦽᧈᦎᦱᦐᦽᧈᦺᦓᦐᦽᧈᦶᦔᧅᧈᦐᦽᧈᦺᦙᧉᦐᦽᧈᦚᦻᧉᦐᦽᧈᦟᦳᧄᦕᧅᦂᦱᧆᦐᦽᧈ
ᦐᧂnaŋ¹5001nounskinᦶᦕᧃᧈ 3ᦔᦸᧅᧈ ᦐᧂ.To remove skin.ᦃᦳᧃ ᧞ ᦐᧂ ᦙᧃ ᦈᦲᧂᧈ ᦃᦱᧁ ᦗᦸᧃ ᦺᦞᧉ.Its hair and skin are white.ᦀᧁ ᦐᧂ ᦞᦸᧅ ᦶᦔᧂ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦞᦸᧅ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᧁᧈ.He got a monkey skin and made it into the shape of a monkey like before.2.1.4Skin2nounleatherᦕᦹᧃᦏᦳᧂ ᦐᧂ.Leather bag; wallet.ᦵᦋᦲᧅ ᦐᧂ.Leather cord.6.3.7Animal products6.6.4.3Working with leather3nounmovieᦡᦴ ᦐᧂ.Watch a movie.6.6.5.2Photographyᦅᦳᧃᦣᧂᧈᦐᧂᦙᦲᦵᦉᦲᧉᦷᦅᧇᦐᧂᦏᦳᧂᦐᧂᦐᧂᦂᦸᧂᦐᧂᦶᦉᧆᦐᧂᦉᦹᦐᧂᦎᦱᦐᧂᦎᦻᦐᧂᦓᦸᧅᦐᧂᦔᦱᧃᦐᧂᦕᦲᧁᦐᧂᦗᦸᧂᦐᧂᦺᦙᧉᦐᧂᦷᦠᦐᧂᦶᦣᧂᧈᦐᧂᦷᦣᦐᧂᦩᦻᦵᦓᦲᧉᦐᧂᦔᦱᧆᦵᦓᦲᧉᦵᦏᦲᦐᧂᦕᦴᧉᦣᧂᧈᦐᧂᦙᦲᦕᦲᧁᦐᧂᦷᦣᧂᦡᦴᦐᧂ
ᦐᧂᧉnaŋ³5001pre-verbsurely; certainlyᦇᦹᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦌᦳᧄ ᦺᦔ ᧞ ᦅᦱ.The money is surely lost.ᦙᧃ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦡᧇ ᦋᦲ ᦞᧂ ᦙᧃ ᧟.He will eat it and that will surely end his life.ᦵᦉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦵᦙ ᦙᧃ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦡᦲ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦎᦸᧈ ᦂᦴ.If it was his wife who was sick he would surely have told me.9.4.4.2Sure2prepositionwith; accompanyingᦃᦲᧈ ᦵᦣᦲ ᦺᦔ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦱᧉ.He rode on the boat with the merchant.ᦵᦉ ᧞ ᦙᦱ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᧃ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦡᦲ ᦵᦍᦲᧄ ᦺᦈ ᧞.If we had come together it would be a lot of fun.7.2.5Accompany3prepositionindividually; one at a time (with a classifier)ᦶᦂᧉ ᦙᧆ ᦺᦙᧉ ᧟ ᦠᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᦲᧂᧈ.He untied the bundle of sticks and broke them one stick at a time.ᦃᦸᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦣᦱᧁ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦠᦸ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦃᧁ ᦡᦲ ᦙᦱ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦞᧃ.Their way of life got better day by day.8.1.1.1.1One4prepositionfrom; originating fromᦌᦹᧉ ᦀᧁ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦎᦱᧂᧈ ᦕ ᦵᦑᧆ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦙᦱ.They buy them from other countries.ᦟᦴᧅ ᦀᦸᧃᧈ ᦃᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦃᦸ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈ.Hardworking children don't ask for money from their parents.8.4.6.1.5Since, from5prepositionaboutᦅᦹᧆ ᦍᦱᧅ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦵᦆᦲᧂᧈ ᦓᦳᧂᧈ ᦑᦱᧂ ᦺᦢ.They were worried about their clothing.ᦕᦲᧆ ᦵᦏᧂ ᦂᧃ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦷᦣ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦓᦱ.They were arguing about his cows going into the field.ᦶᦙᧈ ᦵᦅᦲᧂ ᦺᦈ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᧄ ᦵᦞᧃ ᦙᧃ, ᦺᦆᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦙᧃ ᦠᦱ ᦷᦕ.Her mother was worried about her romantic life, and wanted her to find a husband.3.5.1.2.9Be about, subject6prepositionlikeᦵᦉᦲᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦃᦱᧁ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ.The shirt could not be cleaned white like the others.ᦀᦱᧃᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦝᧂ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦵᦍᦲᧄ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦣᧁ.Read it to your parents so they can be happy like us.8.3.5.2.2Like, similar7post-verbalsoᦋᦱᧆ ᦍᦲᧃ ᦕᦲᧆ ᦺᦈ ᦶᦑᧉ, ᦍᦲᧃ ᦖᦸᧂ ᦺᦈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦐᧂᧉ.She was very angry and also very sad.ᦟᦴᧅ ᦵᦂᦲᧆᧈ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦉ ᦏᦲ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦊᧈ ᦗᦲᧂ ᦙᦱ ᦐᧂᧉ.The natural child of the rich man was also grown up.9.6.1.1And, alsoᦐᧂᧉᦀᦲᧆᦐᧂᧉᦶᦑᧉᦐᧂᧉᦶᦙᧃᧈᦐᧂᧉᦛᦱᧃᦐᧂᧉᦞᦱᧈᦐᧂᧉᦷᦡᧃᧈᦡᦴᦐᧂᧉ
ᦐᧂᧉᦞᦱᧈnaŋ³waa⁵500conjunctioneven though; no matter what; no matter how; despiteᦐᧂᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦷᦑᧅ ᦕᦱᧃ ᦶᦉᧃ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦀᧁ ᦆᧄ ᦺᦔ ᦷᦈᧅ ᦈᦻᧈ.Even though he was completely poor he didn't spend his gold.ᦐᧂᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦉᧂᧈ ᦉᦸᧃ ᦔᦱᧃ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦝᧂ.No matter what their father taught them they didn't listen.9.4.8Adverbial clausesᦐᧂᧉᦞᦱᧈ
ᦐᦸᧂ1nɔŋ¹5001nounlake; pondᦐᦽᧈ 3ᦐᦸᧂ1 2ᦟᦴᧅ 3ᦐᦸᧂ ᦔᦱ.A fish pond.ᦐᦸᧂ ᦷᦢ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚.A lotus pond.ᦋᦱᧂᧉ ᦖᦴᧈ ᧚ ᦺᦔ ᦣᦲᧄ ᦐᦸᧂ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦓᧄᧉ.A group of elephants went to the lake to drink.1.3.1.1Ocean, lake2classifierclassifier for lakesᦑᧂ ᦐᦸᧂ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦅᦱᧈ ᦈᧂ ᦂᦸᧃ ᧞ ᦡᦸᧅᧈ ᦷᦢ ᦵᦕᧀ.The whole lake was water lilies and lotuses blooming.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦉᦜᦐᦸᧂᦐᦸᧂᦉᦜᦓᧄᧉᦐᦸᧂ2
ᦐᧄnam¹5001adjectivebeautiful; goodᦒᦱᧆ ᦷᦤᧂ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦐᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ.This monastery is very beautiful.ᦂᦴ ᦡᦲ ᦊᦸᧂᧉ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦙᦹᧂ ᦐᧄ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦂᦴ.I will dress you up so you are beautiful like me.ᦗᦻ ᦓᦸᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦐᧄ, ᦗᦻ ᦺᦓ ᦐᧄ.Outside [our house] is not beautiful, but inside it is beautiful.ᦓᦱ ᦁᧃ ᦈᦸᧉ ᦚᦳᧃ ᦃᦰ ᦟᦱᧂᧉ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦐᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ.The fields that had been cleaned by the rain were really beautiful.2.3.1.8.1Beautiful2post-verbbeautifullyᦉᦱᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦐᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ.You weave beautifully.ᦵᦆᦲᧂᧈᦐᧄᦎᦳᦐᧄᦷᦎᦡᦲᦷᦎᦐᧄᦐᧄᦇᦱᧄᦐᧄᦐᦱᦐᧄᦡᦲᦘᦸᦰᦐᦱᧉᦐᧄᦎᦱᦜᦻᦐᧄ
ᦐᦳᧄᧈnum²5001adjectiveyoung (of people and animals)ᦍᦱᧄ ᦐᦳᧄᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦢᦱᧈ ᦶᦃᧂ ᦶᦣᧂ ᦂᦱᧉ.When people are young they have strength.ᦙᦲ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦖᦻᧉ ᦐᦳᧄᧈ ᦅᦳᧃ ᧚, ᦷᦕ ᦉ ᦅᧄ ᦎᦻ ᦺᦔ.There was a young widow whose husband had just died .2.6.4.3Youth2adjectivesoft; tenderᦕᦲᧁ ᦐᦳᧄᧈ ᦃᦸᧂᧈ ᦶᦡᧂ.Soft pink skin.8.3.6.5Soft, flimsyᦏᧁᧉᦐᦳᧄᧈᦐᦳᧄᧈᦂᧄᦐᦳᧄᧈᦐᧁᧉᦓᦱᧂᦓᦱᧆᦉᦐᦳᧄᧈ
ᦐᧅnak²5001adjectiveheavyᦊᦱᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦷᦍᧅ ᦐᧅ.Don't lift heavy things.ᦗᦱ ᦏᦳᧂ ᦐᧅ ᦣᦻᧉHe was carrying a very heavy bag.ᦓᧄᧉ ᦑᧂ ᦒᦳᧂ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦐᧅ ᧞! A bucketful of water is very heavy.8.2.9.1Heavy2adjectiveimportant; urgentᦅᧄ ᦃᦸ ᦐᧅ.An urgent request.ᦘ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦐᧅ. A serious disease.ᦂᧄᧈ ᦟᧂ ᦶᦎᧃᧈ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦐᧅ ᦶᦑᧉ.Electric power is really important.8.3.7.5Important3post-verbbadly; seriouslyᦢᧁᧈ ᦌᦱᧂᧈ ᦐᧅ.She was not seriously wounded.8.3.7.1Badᦀᧁ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦐᧅᦃᦸᧉᦐᧅᦅᦱᧈᦷᦎᧅᦐᧅᦷᦉᧇᦐᧅᦍᦻᧉᦐᧅᦎᦲᧃᦙᦹᦐᧅᦏᦹᦐᧅᦐᧅᦐᦱᦐᧅᦢᧁᦐᧅᦶᦣᧂᦑᦲᧈᦐᧅᦓᧄᧉᦐᧅ
ᦑᦲᧈtii⁵5001nounplaceᦊᦱᧈ ᦓᧂᧈ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦁᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦉᦳᧄ ᦷᦅᧃ.Don't sit in a place you don't deserve.ᦵᦑᧁ ᦙᦱ ᦕᦻᧉ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦃᧁ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦠᧃᧉ.He walked past the place where they were playing.8.5Location2prepositionat; inᦍᧇ ᦎᧅ ᦶᦎᧃ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦔᦱᧈ ᦊᦱᧉ.He was catching grasshoppers in a field.ᦃᧁ ᧓ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦷᦋ ᦂᧃ ᦺᦔ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦃᦱᧂᧈ ᦌᦻ.The three of them went to play on the beach.9.5.1.6Spatial location of an event8.5.3Be at a place3classifierclassifier for places, locationsᦙᧆ ᦉᦻ ᦢᦹ ᧒ ᦑᦲᧈ.Tie the umbilical cord in two places.ᦀᧁ ᦡᦱᧇ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦵᦡᧁ ᦂᧃ.They kept all the swords in the same place.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦂᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦈᧁᧉᦑᦲᧈᦉᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦌᦱᧃᦑᦲᧈᦷᦍᧅᦍᦻᧉᦆᦻᧉᦑᦲᧈᦷᦎᧅᦑᦲᧈᦷᦎᧅᦑᦱᧂᧉᦔᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦎᦱᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈ᧔ᦓᦱᦏᦹᧂᦑᦲᧈᦑᦲᧈᦀᦲᧂᦑᦲᧈᦀᦹᧃᦑᦱᧂᦂᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦃᦲᦵᦅᦲᧂᦑᦲᧈᦵᦃᧆᦋᦱᦑᦲᧈᦺᦃᦑᦲᧈᦵᦅᦲᧂᦺᦈᦑᦲᧈᦅᦾᦛᦱᧃᧈᦑᦲᧈᦵᦈᧇᦑᦲᧈᦈᧂᧉᦶᦑᧃᦗᦹᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦉᦃᦲᦰᦑᦲᧈᦉᦄᧆᦑᦲᧈᦉᧂᦑᦲᧈᦉᧂᦂᦱᦑᦲᧈᦉᦳᧄᦑᦲᧈᦉᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦉᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦌᦾᧉᦑᦲᧈᦊᦴᧈᦑᦲᧈᦊᦴᧈᦂᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦊᦴᧈᦑᦲᧈᦂᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦊᦴᧈᦑᦲᧈᦓᦸᧃᦑᦲᧈᦊᧂᦕᦱᧉᦑᦲᧈᦵᦋᧆᦶᦞᧃᧈᦑᦲᧈᦺᦋᧉᦑᦲᧈᦋᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦋᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦵᦃᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦋᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦍᦸᧄᦑᦲᧈᦋᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦵᦜᦲᦑᦲᧈᦋᦳᧆᦑᦲᧈᦜᦳᧂᦑᦲᧈᦌᦓᦱᧈᦑᦲᧈᦌᧁᦑᦲᧈᦓᦸᧃᦑᦲᧈᦵᦍᧁᧈᦑᦲᧈᦍᦹᦑᦲᧈᦎᦲᦰᦑᦲᧈᦷᦎᧅᦑᦲᧈᦜᦳᧂᦑᦲᧈᦎᦲᧁᧉᦑᦲᧈᦎᦱᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦐᧅᦑᦲᧈᦶᦑᧉᦑᦲᧈᦶᦑᧁᧈᦑᦲᧈᦑᦱᧂᦑᦲᧈᦑᦹᧅᦑᦲᧈᦓᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦓᦸᧃᦑᦲᧈᦕᧆᦑᦲᧈᦕᦲᧆᦑᦲᧈᦖᦻᦑᦲᧈᦗᦹᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦗᧆᦎᦱᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦷᦜᧈᦑᦲᧈᦜᦳᧂᦑᦲᧈᦶᦠᧂᧈᦑᦲᧈᦵᦠᦲᧈᦜᧁᧉᦑᦲᧈᦠᦱᧄᧉᦑᦲᧈᦠᧇᦺᦃᦑᦲᧈᦡᦲᦑᦲᧈᦡᦾᧉᦑᦲᧈᦂᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦡᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦣᦲᦰᦑᦲᧈᦵᦣᧆᦑᦲᧈᦉᦱᧂᧉᦑᦲᧈᦣᧅᦓᧇᦑᦲᧈᦔᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦔᦲᧃᦑᦱᧂᧉᦔᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈᦗᦸᦑᦲᧈᦟᦱᧂᦑᦲᧈᦟᦳᧃᧉᦑᦲᧈᦶᦢᧂᧈᦔᦲᧃᦑᦲᧈ
ᦵᦑᧁtew⁴5001verb (intransitive)to walkᦵᦑᧁ ᦺᦞ ᦀᦲᧆ ᧚ ᦤᦸ.Walk a little faster.ᦃᧁ ᧒ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦝᦸ ᦶᦝ ᦂᧃ ᦵᦑᧁ ᦙᦱ.The two of them walked along beside each other.7.2.1.1Walk2verb (intransitive)to move (as of a boat, a clock, blood); to travelᦐᦱᧉ ᦜᦲᧈ ᦵᦑᧁ.The clock is running.ᦵᦟᦲᧆ ᦵᦑᧁ.Blood runs (through the veins).7.2.4.2Travel by waterᦶᦀᧁᧈ ᦎᧁᧉ ᦵᦑᧁ ᦅᦱᧉᦶᦀᧁᧈ ᦵᦑᧁ ᦟᦱᧈ ᦡᦲᧃᧉᦋᦸᧂᧈᦺᦔᦑᦱᧂᦵᦑᧁᦍᦱᧂᧈᦵᦑᧁᦵᦑᧁᦋᦹᧂᦵᦑᧁᦍᦱᧂᧈᦵᦑᧁᦑᦱᧈᦵᦑᧁᦑᦱᧂᦵᦑᧁᦵᦑᧁᦌᧁᦌᧁᦵᦑᧁᦵᦑᧁᦶᦟᧃᧈᦶᦟᧃᧈᦵᦑᧁᦑᦱᧂᦵᦑᧁᦒᦸᧂᧈᦵᦑᧁᦗᦱᧂᧈᦵᦑᧁᦺᦜᦑᦱᧂᦵᦑᧁᦒᦸᧂᧈᦵᦑᧁᦕᧆᦵᦑᧁᦷᦢᦵᦑᧁᦵᦙᦲᧂ
ᦶᦑᧉtææ⁶5001adjectivetrueᦇᦹᧃ ᦶᦑᧉ.Genuine money (not counterfeit).ᦋᦹᧈ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦋᦹᧈ ᦑᦱᧃ.My true name is Tan.3.5.1.3.5Real3.5.1.3True2post-verbtruly; really; veryᦔᦲᧃ ᦵᦉᦲ, ᦔᦲᧃ ᦵᦉᦲ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦵᦂᦲᧃᧈ.It's a tiger. It's really a tiger!ᦵᦣᧆ ᦵᦞᧅ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦃᧅ ᦖᧃᧈ ᦶᦑᧉ.In his work he was very diligent.ᦙᦲ ᦶᦞᧃᧈ ᦑᦲᧇ ᦐᦽᧈ ᧚, ᦏᦸᧂᧈ ᦶᦈᧇ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦺᦕ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦐᧄᦇᦱᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ.There was a magic mirror. Whoever's face was shown in it would be truly beautiful.9.3Very9.4.4.1Certainly, definitelyᦂᦶᦑᧉᦐᦱᧉᦶᦑᧉᦐᧂᧉᦶᦑᧉᦑᦰᦶᦑᧉᦑᦲᧈᦶᦑᧉᦵᦑᧂᧈᦶᦑᧉᦶᦑᧉᦓᦱᧈᦟᧅᦂᦶᦑᧉ
ᦶᦑᧃ1tæn⁴5001pre-verb(not) yetᦑᦱᧂ ᦍᧂ ᦃᦳᧆ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᦵᦏᦲᧃᧉ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ.The road wasn't yet finished.ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᦙᦱ ᦣᦸᧆ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ, ᦅᦸᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦷᦗᧇ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦺᦑᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᧓ ᦅᦳᧃ.He hadn't yet reached the village when he met three neighbours.ᦵᦙ ᦎᦻ ᦍᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᦣᦸᧆ ᦔᦲ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ, ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦱ ᦉᦱᧁ ᦠᦸᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᧚.His wife hadn't yet been dead for a year when he met a young Chinese woman.8.4.6.4.2Not yet2verb (intransitive)to have enough timeᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦶᦜᧂᧉ ᦵᦕᧁᧉ ᦦᦱᧆ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᦺᦔ.He pretended he was cleaning the house and didn't have time to go with her.ᦺᦔ ᦷᦣᧂ ᦊᦱ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᧟, ᦖᦸ ᦊᦱ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦈᧅ ᦔᦱᧆ ᦺᦓ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦐᦲᧉ.There wasn't time to go to the hospital. The doctor said he would operate in their house.8.4.5.3.2On timeᦑᦲᧈᦈᧂᧉᦶᦑᧃᦗᦹᧂᧈ