ᦺᦡ1daj¹ᦺᦤ5001demonstrative adjectiveany; whichever. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦺᦔ ᦑᦱᧂ ᦺᦡ, ᦃᦲᧈ ᦅᦱ ᦷᦟᧆ ᦶᦂᧁᧉ.Whatever place they go, they ride in fancy cars.ᦅᧃ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦵᦣᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦺᦡ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦶᦎᧄᧉ, ᦆᦴ ᦉᦸᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦉᧂᧈ ᦉᦸᧃ.If any student isn't able to write, the teacher teaches them.ᦅᦳᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦘᦱ ᦉᦱ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦳᧄ ᦌᦹᧉ ᦵᦆᦲᧂᧈ ᦺᦑ ᦓᦳᧂᧈ ᦌᧄᧉ.People of any nationality, they all like to buy Tai clothing.8.1.5.1Some2demonstrative adjectiveeach; per. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦞᧃ ᦺᦡ ᦠᦸᧄ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦺᦞᧉ.Each day she saved up some money.ᦙᦴ ᦺᦡ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦚᦳᧃᧈ ᧕ ᦂᦲᧃᧉ.Put on 5 jin of fertiliser per acre.8.1.5All3interrogative adjectivewhich. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦺᦃᧈ ᧒ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦺᦡ ᦈᧅ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦗᦴᧉ?Of these two eggs which will be a male?ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦺᦡ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ.She didn't know which one was doing this to her.ᦓᦱᧂ ᦑᧂ ᧓ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦕᦴᧉ ᦺᦡ ᦕ ᦵᦉᦲᧆᧈ ᦋᦱ?Of these three ladies which is the most excellent?9.2.3.4Question wordsᦅᦱᧈ ᦺᦡᦅᦳᧃ ᦺᦡᦶᦉᧃ ᦺᦡᦊᦱᧂᧈ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦡᦲᦵᦋᦲᧉ ᦀᦹᧃᧈ ᦑᦱᧂ ᦺᦡᦶᦎᧈ ᦺᦡᦑᧁᧈ ᦺᦡᦔᦱᧃ ᦺᦡᦺᦡ ᦓᧃᧉ᧚ ᦺᦡ
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ᦗᦸpɔɔ⁴5001pre-verbvery; so much. [Note: In this sense ᦗᦸ is used with an adjective, and usually with a negative.]ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦺᦂ.It is not very far.ᦡᦾ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦜᦲᧂᧈ.The hill isn't very steep.ᦔᦲᧃ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦠᦹᧂ.He had been king for not very long.ᦗᦻ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦶᦈᧂᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ, ᦑᧁᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦗᦻ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦶᦈᧂᧉ ᦺᦉ.I understand this one clearly, but that one is not so clear.9.3Very2pre-verbreally; in a big way. [Note: Used with a verb.]ᦗᦸ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦚᦳᧃ ᦷᦜᧂ ᦷᦎᧅ.Brahma really caused a big rain.ᦦᦱᧂ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦍᦲᧃ ᦵᦉᦲ ᦣᦸᧂᧉ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦉ ᦡᦳᧂᧉ ᦎᦹᧃᧈ.The deer heard the tiger shout at him and really jumped.ᦃᦲᧉ ᦚᦳᧃᧈ ᦉᦲᧃ ᦺᦉᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦎᦱ ᦗᦸ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦙᦹᧃ. Dust blew into his face and he could barely open his eyes.ᦐᦱᧉ ᦵᦈᧇ ᦗᦸ ᦣᦸᧂᧉ ᦣᦸᧂᧉ ᦢᦱᧉ ᦢᦱᧉ.His face hurt so much he really shrieked with pain.9.3.2Completely3pre-verbuntil; as far as; as much asᦃᧁ ᦶᦟᧃᧈ ᦋᦸᧄ ᦺᦗ ᦗᦸ ᦟᦳᧄᧉ ᦑᦱᧁᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ ᧞.They ran chasing him until they fell over from exhaustion.ᦀᧁ ᦵᦉᧄ ᦃᦳᧆ ᦗᦸ ᦵᦟᦲᧅ ᧓ ᦉᦸᧅᧈ.He dug with a shovel until it was three cubits deep.ᦃᧁᧉ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦑᦱᧂ ᦗᦸ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦣᦸᧄᧈ.They went in and out so much that there was a pathway.ᦃᧁ ᦖᦴᧈ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦂᦴ ᦗᦸ ᦎᦻ.These people mistreated my father until he died.8.4.6.1.4Until4pre-verbabout toᦗᦸ ᦡᦲ ᦡᦾᧉ ᧞.We are just about to eat.ᦵᦣᦲ ᦗᦸ ᦡᦲ ᦜᦳ.The boat was about to break apart.ᦢᧆ ᦵᦡᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦆᦹᧂᧈ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ.Right now it is almost midnight.8.4.6.4.1Soon5adjectiveenough; sufficientᦓᧄᧉ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦕᦴᧉ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦎᦴ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ.Our knowledge is not sufficient.ᦅᦹᧆ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦍᧇ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ.He thought that he hadn't caught enough of them yet.ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦆᧁ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦵᦝᦲᧃᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ.When he took the exams he didn't get enough points.ᦙᦲ ᦺᦈ ᦵᦟᧂᧉ ᦖᦴ ᦍᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ, ᦎᦸᧂᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦗᦹᧂᧈ ᦂᧇ ᦞᦲᧉ ᦌᦱ.When you are raising pigs, enthusiasm is not enough, you must also follow the right methods.8.1.7Enough6prepositionas big as; as much as. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦔᧃᧉ ᦷᦣᧇ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦍᦱᧁ ᦗᦸ ᦉᦸᧅ.He moulded the shape of a person a whole forearm long.ᦀᧁ ᦂᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦗᦸ ᦌᦱᧁ ᦔᦲ.They had been married for a whole twenty years.9.3.1Degree7post-verbenoughᦃᦸᧂ ᦗᦲᧆ ᦗᦴ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦗᦸ.Things don't change enough.ᦎᦳᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦺᦕ ᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦷᦏᧃᧉ ᦎᦲᧄ ᦗᦸ.Each of them was complete enough.8.1.7Enoughᦂᦲᧃ ᦀᦲᧄᧈ ᦎᦲᧄ ᦗᦸᦗᦸ ᦵᦄᦲᧉ ᦗᦸ ᦝᧂᦗᦸ ᦅᦱᧈᦗᦸ ᦺᦈᦗᦸ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦗᦸ ᦂᦲᧃᦗᦸ ᦺᦋᧉᦗᦸ ᦑᦲᧈᦗᦸ ᦡᦲᦗᦸ ᦡᦻᦗᦸ ᦡᧂᧈᦗᦸ ᧒ᦙᦱᧅ ᦙᦲ ᦎᦲᧄ ᦗᦸᦡᦾᧉ ᦀᦲᧄᧈ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦗᦸ
ᦎᦴ1tuu¹5001pronounwe; us. [Note: This is 'exclusive we' that does not include those being spoken to. See also ᦣᧁ 'inclusive we'.]ᦣᧁᦙᦹᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦎᦴ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦀᧁ ᧞.If you don't give it to us we will take it.ᦷᦣ ᦷᦎ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦣ ᦎᦴ, ᦎᦴ ᦺᦟᧈ ᦶᦎᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦎᦴ ᦙᦱ!This cow is ours (not yours). We drove it here from our home.ᦓᦸᧂᧉ ᦉᦴ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦶᦔᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦺᦖᧈ, ᦗᦲᧈ ᦎᦴ ᦡᦲᧈ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦂᧁᧈ.You younger couple go build a new house; we elders will stay at the old house.9.2.3Pronouns2pronounI. [Note: ᦎᦴ is used as the singular 'I' when addressing one's spouse, and in other family situations. Also when spoken by a king.]ᦶᦙᧈ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦎᦴ ᦺᦔ ᦺᦐ ᦣᦱᧈ?Do you (my wife) want me to go somewhere?ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦉᧂᧈ ᦺᦞᧉ, “ᦙᦹᧂ ᦚᧁᧉ ᦎᦴ ᦵᦓᦲ.”The king ordered him, 'You guard me.'9.2.3Pronounsᦎᦴ ᦃᦱᧉᦎᦴ ᦃᦾᧉᦕᦴᧉ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦎᦴᦣᦱ ᦎᦴ
ᦂᧇ1kap²5001conjunctionand. [Note: ᦂᧇ connects nouns but rarely sentences. To connect sentences see ᧞.]᧞1ᦖᦴ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦞᦱᧉ ᦂᧇ ᦖᦴ ᦄᦱᧃ.Sows and breeder pigs.ᦵᦣᧃ ᦟᦲᧅ ᦂᧇ ᦷᦎ.Study numbers and letters.ᦚᦳᧃ ᦷᦎᧅ ᦠᦱᧈ ᦷᦜᧂ ᦞᧃ ᦂᧇ ᦆᦹᧃ.It rained heavily day and night.ᦷᦂ ᦇᦴ ᦢᦳᧄᧈ ᦍᦳᧄ ᦂᧇ ᦊᦱᧉ.I am afraid of snakes hiding in the thickets and the grass.9.2.5.1Phrase conjunctions9.6.1.1And, also2verb (transitive)to connect; put togetherᦡᦳᧅᧈ ᦠᧅ ᦈᧅ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦂᧇ ᦖᧃᧉ.If the bone is broken you must hold it firmly in place.ᦀᧁ ᦵᦜᧅ ᦙᦱ ᦎᦸᧅᧈ ᦂᧇ ᦀᧁ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦖᧃᧉ ᦖᧃᧉ.He nailed it firmly attached to the house.7.5.2Join, attach3prepositionto; connecting to; with; with respect to; because ofᦙᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦂᧇ ᦵᦙ ᦞᧃ ᦵᦡᧁ.He lived with his wife only one day.ᦏᧁᧉ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦺᦈ ᦡᦲ ᦂᧇ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦜᦱᧃ ᦉᦴ.I am very happy with you, my children.ᦷᦑᧅ ᦕᦱᧃ ᦂᧇ ᦟᦴᧅ.They were poor because of their son.8.5.2.7Towards9.5.2.2With, be with4prepositionto. [Note: Marks the one spoken to. Used with verbs of request, urging, invitation and thanks.]ᦙᧃ ᦷᦋ ᦂᧇ ᦵᦙ ᦞᦱᧈ: ᦙᦱ ᦑᦽ.He invited his wife saying, 'Come along'.ᦍᦲᧃ ᦡᦲ ᦂᧇ ᦢᦳᧃ ᦈᧁᧉ.I am grateful for the goodness of the king.ᦂᧇ ᦂᦻᧈᦂᧇ ᦋᦸᧄᦂᧇ ᦑᧂᦂᧇ ᦶᦔᧈᦂᧇ ᦡᦽᧉᦂᧇ ᦺᦢᧉᦂᧇ ᦶᦣᧇᦂᧇ ᦣᦸᧂᦃᧁᧉ ᦂᧇᦅᦳᧃ ᦂᧇᦺᦈ ᦂᧇᦔ ᦏ ᦙ ᦂᧇ ᦷᦠ ᦒᦲᦕᦴᧉ ᦂᧇᦘᦰ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦙᦲ ᦂᧇ ᦷᦎ
ᦓᧃᧉnan⁶5001demonstrative adjectivethat. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦉᧅ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦠᦲᧃ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦢᦲᧃ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦣᧂ.She grasped that stone in her beak and flew back to her nest.ᦍᦱᧄ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦵᦉᧂ ᦓᦱᧆ ᦶᦓᧃ ᦙᦱ ᦅᧄ ᦵᦡᧁ.At that time there was suddenly the sound of guns.9.2.3.5Demonstrative pronouns2demonstrative adjectiveas for. [Note: ᦓᧃᧉ marks the end of the topic in a topic-comment construction. It also marks the end of a relative clause.]ᦵᦙ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦺᦃᧉ, ᦀᧁ ᦺᦔ ᦊᦱ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦷᦣᧂ ᦊᦱ.The wife - she was ill. They took her to the hospital for treatment.ᦙᦲ ᦷᦓᧅ ᦍᦳᧂ ᦷᦎ ᦁᧃ ᦃᧅ ᦺᦅᧉ ᦖᧃᧈ ᦠᦱ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦷᦎ ᧚.There was a peacock who was diligent in hunting for food.9.6.2.2Limitation of topicᦺᦐ ᦓᧃᧉᦑᧁᧈ ᦓᧃᧉᦺᦡ ᦓᧃᧉ
ᦶᦑᧉ ᦓᦱᧈtææ⁶...naa⁵20001post-verbtruly; very. [Note: The quality can be repeated in the form Verb+ᦶᦑᧉ+Verb+ᦓᦱᧈ]ᦵᦣᧃ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦵᦣᧃ ᦓᦱᧈ.He studied very hard.ᦺᦡᧉ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦓᦱᧈ.I really can do it.ᦵᦅᧆ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦵᦅᧆ ᦓᦱᧈ.He was really angry.ᦵᦍᦲᧄ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦵᦍᦲᧄ ᦓᦱᧈ.Truly happy.ᦺᦡᧉ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦆᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦓᦱᧈ.They got lots of money.ᦎᦱ ᦞᧃ ᦍᦱᧃᧈ ᦣᧁ ᦺᦂ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦺᦂ ᦓᦱᧈ.The sun is really far from us.9.4.4.1Certainly, definitely2adjectiveimportant. [Note: The noun can be repeated in the form Noun+ᦶᦑᧉ+Noun+ᦓᦱᧈ]ᦺᦋᧉ ᦍᦲᧁᧉ ᦶᦕᧁᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦈᦹᧈ ᦈᧄ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦓᦱᧈ.We use stamps to commemorate important people .ᦶᦘᧇ ᦶᦘᧇ ᦎᦱ ᦑᦸᧂᦰ ᦠᦱᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦋᧈ ᦓᦸᧃ ᦚᧃ ᦉᧅ ᦅᦻ, ᦔᦲᧃ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦓᦱᧈ.She blinked and looked and she wasn't dreaming. It was an important person.8.3.7.5Importantᦶᦑᧉ
ᦓᧃᧈnan⁵1demonstrative adjectivethat. [Note: This is a variant of the word ᦓᧃᧉ 'that' which is used only after the word ᦍᦱᧄ 'time'.]ᦍᦱᧄ ᦓᧃᧈ ᦆᦴ ᦢᦱ ᦀᦲᧃᧈ ᦀᦳᧇᧈ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦍᦲᧃ ᦣᦴᧉ.At that time Teacher Inn heard what was being said.ᦍᦱᧄ ᦓᧃᧈ ᦋᦻ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦶᦐ ᦉᧂᧈ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦟᧂᧉ ᦖᦸ ᦺᦊᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ.At that time the man told the great shaman to come to his house.2final particlelike that. [Note: This word is used in poetry to mark the end of a thought or a section.]ᦃᧁ ᦃᧇ ᦝᦸᧃᧉ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦷᦙᧃᧈ ᦀᦳ ᦒᧂ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦓᧃᧈ ᦶᦟᧁ.They danced and sang and celebrated the occasion―like that.ᦂᧄᧈ ᦵᦟᦲᧆ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦺᦓ ᦑᦸᧂᧉ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦎᧂᧉ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦶᦉᧃ ᦷᦅᧃ ᦓᧃᧈ ᧟.I was conceived into your stomach and set in place as was right―like that.9.6.2.2Limitation of topic
ᦺᦐ1naj¹5001interrogative pronounwhereᦅᧂᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦺᦐ ᦣᦱ?Where are you going so quickly?ᦶᦎᧃᧈ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦟᦳᧅ ᦺᦐ ᦙᦱ?Where does electricity come from?ᦇᦹᧃ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦺᦞᧉ?Where is the money?ᦀᧁ ᦵᦉᦲᧂᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦣᦱ?Where have you hidden it?9.2.3.4Question words2interrogative pronounwhich. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦞᧃ ᦵᦂᦲᧆᧈ ᦶᦀ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦞᧃ ᦺᦐ?Which day is your birthday?ᦢᧁᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦵᦑᧁ ᦑᦱᧂ ᦉᦲᧃᧉ ᦺᦐ.She didn't know which path to take.ᦵᦆᦲᧂᧈ ᦵᦉᦲᧉ ᦵᦎᧁᧈ ᦘᦱ ᦉᦱ ᦺᦐ ᦐᧄ ᦵᦜᦲ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ.Which nationality has the most beautiful clothing?9.2.3.4Question words3demonstrative pronounwherever; anywhere; somewhereᦑᦲᧈ ᦉᦳᧆ ᦙᦱ ᦙᧃ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦺᦐ.In the end he didn't go anywhere.ᦙᧃ ᦺᦔ ᦺᦐ ᦖᦱ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦋᦸᧄ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ.Wherever he goes the dog follows him.ᦺᦆᧈ ᦓᧂᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦓᧂᧈ, ᦺᦆᧈ ᦶᦀᧁᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦶᦀᧁᧈ.If they want to sit somewhere they sit; if they want to go somewhere they go.9.2.3.2Indefinite pronouns4demonstrative adjectiveeach. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦖᦱᧅ ᦺᦙᧉ ᦙᦲ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦐᧅ ᦐᦽᧈ ᦺᦐ ᧕ ᦣᦾᧉ ᦵᦆᦲᧉ.The weight of each fruit is 500 grammes.ᦎᦴ ᦃᦾᧉ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦺᦐ ᦀᧁ ᦺᦝ ᦒᦱᧆ ᦂᦸᧂᧉ ᧚ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦵᦙᦲ.We each took a torch and left the house.8.1.5Allᦋᦲᧃᧉ ᦺᦐᦺᦐ ᦓᧃᧉ
ᦓᦱᧅnaak⁵20001nounnaga. [Note: The naga is the legendary serpent of the Buddhist tradition; a river dweller and producer of rain.]ᦓᦱ ᦅᦱᦠᦲᧄ ᦙ ᦗᦱᧃᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦓᦱᧅ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦓ ᦟ ᦵᦙᧆ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦵᦣᦲ ᦶᦌᧁ ᦟᧄ ᦓᦾᧉ.The naga king changed himself into a small boat.ᦔᦲᧃ ᦓᦱᧅ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦺᦎᧉ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦡᦸᧃ ᦺᦊᧈ.It is a naga from the river that has come to play in the great world.ᦷᦠ ᦵᦣᦲ ᦑᦻᧉ ᦵᦣᦲ, ᦀᧁ ᦇᦱ ᦶᦔᧂ ᦷᦠ ᦓᦱᧅ ᦠᦱᧂ ᦓᦱᧅ ᦺᦉᧈ.On the prow and stern of the boat, they used ivory to make a naga head and tail.ᦵᦑᧁ ᦶᦀᧁᧈ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦣᦲᧄ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦅᦹᧆ ᦃᦳᧂᧈ ᦷᦂ ᦓᦱᧅ, ᦵᦑᧁ ᦌᦱᧆ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦡᦳᧂ ᦺᦙᧉ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦅᦹᧆ ᦃᦳᧂᧈ ᦷᦂ ᦵᦉᦲ.When you walk beside the river look out for the nagas, when you walk through the forest look out for the tigers.4.9.2Supernatural being2noundragon. [Note: The Chinese dragon and the western dragon are both called ᦓᦱᧅ.]ᦧᦸᧅ ᦓᦱᧅ ᦢᦲᧃ ᧒ ᦷᦎ.It was carved with two flying dragons.ᦍᦲᧁᧉ ᦶᦕᧁᧈ ᦁᧃ ᦋᧁᧉ ᦵᦜᦲ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ ᦺᦓ ᦕ ᦵᦑᧆ ᦷᦋᧂᧈ ᦷᦅᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦣᧇ ᦓᦱᧅ.The earliest Chinese postage stamp has a picture of a dragon.4.9.2Supernatural beingSanskritnagacobra
ᦅᦸᧉ1kɔ5001conjunctionthen; so. [Note: This is a general linking word used with temporal and logical connections. Pronounced in isolation it has a tone 6, but in a normal utterance it is unstressed and lacks contrastive tone.]ᦢᧁᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦢᦳ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦶᦟᧃᧈ ᦺᦔ ᦑᦸᧂᦰ.He didn't know if it was true, so he ran to see.ᦏᦹᧂ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦙᧃ ᦠᧃ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦱᧉ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᦙᦱ, ᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ.When he saw the merchant entering the village he went back home.ᦟᦴᧅ ᦀᦸᧃᧈ ᦑᧂ ᦜᦻ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦠᧃ ᦡᦽᧉ ᦑᦱᧃᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦕ ᦊᦱ ᦔᧃ ᦍᦱ, ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦳᧄ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦶᦀᧇ ᦶᦑᧉ ᧞.The children saw that he was wise, so they really liked to play in his company.8.4.5.1Order, sequence9.6.2.6Result2conjunctionvery; really. [Note: Connects repeated verbs or attributes in the construction verb+ᦅᦸᧉ+verb. Used for emphasis.]ᦓᧄᧉ ᦐᦲᧉ ᦺᦉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦉ, ᦊᦲᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦊᦲᧃ.The water here is very clear and very cold.ᦓᧄᧉ ᦛᦱᧃ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦏᦳᧅᧈ, ᦟᧄ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦟᧄ, ᦷᦋ ᦂᧃ ᦙᦱ ᦌᦹᧉ ᦵᦓᦲ.Our drinks are really cheap and really tasty. Come and buy!9.3Veryᦅᦸᧉ ᦎᦱᧄᦅᦸᧉ ᦡᦲᦊᦱᧂᧈ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦡᦲ᧟ ᦅᦸᧉᦢᧁᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ
ᦘ ᦍᦱpʰajaa⁴ᦘᦰ ᦍᦱᦘᦱ ᦍᦱ5001nounking, usually the king of a small town. [Note: Used as a title for kings and gods.]ᦅᦳᧃ1 3ᦎᦳᧃ1 2ᦺᦛᧉ ᦉᦱ ᦘ ᦍᦱ.He bowed before the king.ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦓᦱ ᦉᦲ.The king of Nasi city.ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦀᦲᧃ.The Lord Indra.ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦘᦳᧄ.The Lord Brahma.4.6.1Ruler2nounking of animals. [Note: Used in fables.]ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦵᦉᦲ ᦷᦆᧂᧈ.King of the tigers.ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦓᦱᧅ.The Naga king.4.9.2Supernatural being3.5.4.1Fable, mythᦈᧁᧉ ᦘ ᦍᦱᦑᦱᧁᧉ ᦘ ᦍᦱᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦈᧁᧉᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦞᧃ
ᦞᦱᧈwaa⁵5001verb (intransitive)to say; speakᦑᦱᧃᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦃᦾᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ”.He said, 'I am going now'.ᦃᦲ ᦺᦈ ᦉᧂ, ᦞᦱᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦝᧂ ᦡᦴ.Are you worried about something? Tell me about it.3.5.1Say2verb (transitive)to rule; governᦉᧅ ᦃᦱᧆ ᦋᦲᧃᧈ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦶᦉᧃ ᦛᦲᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ.The era when the San We kings reigned.ᦙᦲ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦺᦓ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ, ᦂᦱᧃ ᦓᦾᧉ ᦺᦊᧈ ᦉ ᦗ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦀᧁ ᦷᦎ ᦵᦡᧁ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦌᧄᧉ.There were the rulers in the villages. In all cases big and small they ruled themselves.4.6.6Government functions3.3.3.6Control3verb (transitive)to scoldᦅᧃ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦙᧃ, ᦺᦈ ᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦛ ᦺᦔ.When his mother scolded him, his heart wavered.ᦍᧇ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦉ ᦃᦲᦰ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦃᧁ ᦓᦸᧃ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦂᧃ, ᦵᦣᧆ ᦌᦹ ᦺᦔ ᦞᦱᧈ.I can't prove that they are sleeping together, so how can I scold them?4.8.4.1Rebuke4post-verbsaying; that. [Note: Marks the complement of a quotation or a thought.]ᦏᦱᧄ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦗᦸᧈ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦺᦐ?”He asked his mother saying, 'Where is Father?'ᦣᦴᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦎᧂᧉ ᦺᦈ ᦺᦆᧈ ᦶᦎᧂᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦶᦙᧈ ᦎᦻ.She knew that her children were planning to kill her.9.4.7Subordinating particles5final particlereally. [Note: This emphatic particle is used in informal speech.]ᦍᧇ ᦺᦔ ᦃᧂ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦷᦎᧇ ᦎᦲ ᦶᦉᧃ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦎᦻ ᦞᦱᧈ.They arrested him and put him in prison and beat him until he died.ᦚᦳᧃ ᦷᦎᧅ ᦎᧂᧉ ᦷᦠ ᦆᧄᧈ ᦏᦹᧂ ᦆᦹᧂᧈ ᦆᦹᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ.It rained from dusk all the way to midnight.9.6.3.2Markers of emphasis ᦁᧃ ᦞᦱᧈᦅᦱᧈ ᦞᦱᧈᦈᦱ ᦣᦲᧆ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦅᦸᧂᦷᦉᧇ ᦙᦸᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦇᦻᧈᦋᦸᧂᧈ ᦞᦱᧈᦋᦱᧆ ᦞᦱᧈᦌᦸᦰ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦠᦱ ᦂᦲᧃᦎᦲᧄ ᦞᦱᧈᦐᧂᧉ ᦞᦱᧈᦑᧁᧈ ᦞᦱᧈᦓᧇ ᦞᦱᧈᦶᦔᧂ ᦞᦱᧈᦔᦱᧅ ᦞᦱᧈᦶᦙᧃᧈ ᦞᦱᧈᦞᦱᧈ ᦀᦸᧅᧈᦞᦱᧈ ᦆᦱᧉ ᦡᦱᧈ ᦑᦸᦞᦱᧈ ᦶᦈᧂᧉᦞᦱᧈ ᦊᦸᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦊᦱᧄᧈᦞᦱᧈ ᦊᦸᧅᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦺᦍᦞᦱᧈ ᦺᦎᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦵᦐᦲᦞᦱᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦆᦱᧉ ᦜᧂᦞᦱᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦷᦠᧅ ᦷᦠᧅᦞᦱᧈ ᦺᦞᧉᦞᦱᧈ ᦡᦴᦞᦱᧈ ᦡᦲᧃᧉ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦊᦸᧅᧈᦞᦱᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦀᦸᧅᧈᦞᦱᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦡᧉᦢᧁᧈ ᦞᦱᧈᦣᦴᧉ ᦞᦱᧈᦵᦣᧆ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦠᦱ ᦂᦲᧃᦣᦸᧄ ᦙᦱ ᦞᦱᧈ
ᦐᦱnaa¹20001adjectivethickᦗᦸᧇ ᦐᦱ.A thick book.ᦞᧃ ᦵᦍᧂᧈ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦵᦍᧂᧈ ᦂᧆ ᦐᦱᧁ, ᦵᦐᦲ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦡᦱᧂᧉ ᦐᦱ ᦌᧄᧉ.It got colder every day; the ice on the pond was thick.8.2.3Thick2adjectivedense (as of smoke, jungle)ᦵᦖᧀ ᦐᦱ.Dense mist.ᦡᦳᧂ ᦐᦱ.Dense jungle.8.3.6.4Dense3pre-verb(not) allow oneself to; (not) give in to; (not) deign to. [Note: Usually used with a negative.]ᦢᧁᧈ ᦐᦱ ᦡᦽᧉ ᦙᦾᧈ ᦶᦅᧃ, ᦷᦋ ᦂᧃ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦊᦴᧈ.They did not let themselves feel weary, they kept on working.ᦃᧁᧉ ᦠᦱ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦐᦱ ᦃᦱᧇ ᦺᦛᧉ.When she entered the king's presence she didn't deign to bow.4.5.4Submit to authority4verb (transitive)to surrender to; succumb to. [Note: Usually used with a negative.]ᦣᧁ ᦊᦱᧈ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦐᦱ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦵᦋᦲᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦟᦸᦰ.We should not put up with things like this.ᦢᧁᧈ ᦐᦱ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦊᦱᧁᧉ, ᦊᦴᧈ ᦗᧂᧈ ᦅᦱᧁᧉ ᦏᦱᧂᧈ ᦡᦲ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦷᦈᧇᧈ ᦖᦱᧃ. They didn't surrender to the casino (they kept on playing). They thought they would get lucky.4.8.3.4Surrender4.5.4Submit to authorityᦃᧁᧉ ᦐᦱ ᦔᦱ ᦏᦳᧅᧈᦶᦎᧃ ᦐᦱᦎᦹᧇ ᦎᦹᧇ ᦐᦱ ᦐᦱᦎᦹᧇ ᦐᦱᦐᦱᧉ ᦐᦱᦐᦱ ᦢᦱᧂᦶᦐᧃᧉ ᦶᦐᧃᧉ ᦐᦱ ᦐᦱᦐᧄ ᦐᦱᦐᧅ ᦐᦱᦓᧄᧉ ᦐᦱᦔᦱᧈ ᦺᦙᧉ ᦡᦳᧂ ᦐᦱᦔᦹᧅ ᦐᦱᦷᦟᧂ ᦐᦱᦷᦠ ᦺᦈ ᦐᦱᦠᦽᧉ ᦵᦟᦲᧅ ᦡᦳᧂ ᦐᦱᦠᦹᧅ ᦐᦱᦢᦱᧇ ᦐᦱ
ᦶᦠᧂᧈhæŋ²5001prepositionof. [Note: This is used for ownership (example A), kinship (example B), relationship (example C), qualities (example D), and parts (example E).]A. ᦷᦆ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ.Somebody else's property.B. ᦟᦴᧅ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦎᦳᧃ.Their own children.C. ᦈᧁᧉ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦃᧁ.Their leader.D. ᦕ ᦊᦱ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦎᦳᧃ.His wisdom.E. ᦃᦱ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦙᧃ.Its leg.9.1.1.3Have, of2prepositionmarks a direct object. [Note: Use of this preposition is optional.]ᦑᦱᧃ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦆᧄ. They offered money.ᦉᦱᧃ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦢᦳᧂ.He wove a basket.ᦶᦔᧂ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦢᦱ ᦣᦱᧄ.They built a monk house.ᦏᦱᧄ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦜᦻ ᦅᦳᧃ.Ask many people.ᦵᦉᦲ ᦡᦲᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦷᦃᧇ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦣᧁ.The tiger will bite us.3classifierclassifier for places, locationsᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦱᧉ ᦟᦳᧅ ᦙᦱ ᦋᦴᧈ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ.The merchants came from every place.ᦙᦲ ᦟᦱᧂ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦵᦈᧇ ᦓᧅ.There are places that hurt a lot.ᦠᧃ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦖᦻ ᧒ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ.She saw two marks.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦑᦲᧈ ᦶᦠᧂᧈᦑᧂ ᦶᦠᧂᧈ ᦗᧂ ᦗᦻ
ᦓᦱᧂnaaŋ⁴5001nounwoman. [Note: Used for women who are respected, wealthy, or royal. Used pronominally in 2nd and 3rd persons, to or of a respected woman.]ᦅᦳᧃ1 3ᦓᦱᧂ 3ᦠᦱ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦷᦎ ᦡᦲ ᦵᦜᦲ ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦑ ᦞᦲ.They found the most beautiful woman to be his queen.ᦙᦲ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦉ ᦏᦲ ᦕᦴᧉ ᧚, ᦢᦸᧅᧈ ᦕᦴᧉ ᦶᦎᧄᧉ ᦷᦣᧇ ᦶᦎᧄᧉ ᦔᦳᧂᧈ ᦷᦣᧇ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦑᦱᧃᧈ.There was a merchant woman who told a painter to paint a picture for her.2.6.5.2Woman2nountitle before a woman's name. [Note: Used by ladies of wealth or standing.]ᦓᦱᧂ ᦙ ᦷᦓ ᦟᦱ.Lady Manola.2.6.5.2Woman3classifierclassifier for womenᦈᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦀᦸᧃ ᦋᦸᧄ ᦉᦸᧆᧈ ᦀᧁ ᧓ ᦓᦱᧂ.The king married three women in succession.9.2.6.1Classifiersᦀᦲᦰ ᦓᦱᧂᦂᦽᧉ ᦓᦲᧁᧉ ᦙᦹ ᦓᦱᧂᦈᧁᧉ ᦓᦱᧂᦉᧁ ᦓᦱᧂᦓᦱᧂ ᦉᦱᧁᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦑ ᦞ ᦡᦱᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦑ ᦞᦲᦓᦱᧂ ᦒᦸ ᦟ ᦓᦲᦓᦱᧂ ᦓᦱᧆ ᦉ ᦐᦳᧄᧈᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦓᦱᧂ ᦺᦙᧉᦓᦱᧂ ᦝᦱᧉᦓᦱᧂ ᦞᦸᧂᧉᦔᦱᧈ ᦊᦱᧉ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦃᧁᦕᧅ ᦵᦊᦲᧉ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦵᦃᧁᦖᦸᧄᧈ ᦓᦱᧂᦖᦱᧅ ᦎᧁᧉ ᦓᦳᧄ ᦓᦱᧂᦗᦸᧈ ᦓᦱᧂᦶᦙᧈ ᦓᦱᧂᦡᦸᧅᧈ ᦓᦱᧂ ᦂᦻᦢᦱᧁᧈ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦉᦱᧁ ᦓᦱᧂ
ᦞᧆ ᦉᦱwat⁵saa¹1nounVassa. [Note: Vassa is the three-month Rains Retreat period when monks stay in their monasteries. It runs from the full moon of month 10 to the full moon of month 1 in the lunar calendar, approximately July-October. Sometimes Vassa is called Buddhist Lent. The faithful observe Vassa in various ways. Some people eat a vegetarian diet during Vassa.]ᦅ ᦏᦲᧃᦍᦱᧄ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦂᦱᧂ ᦞᧆ ᦉᦱ, ᦚᦳᧃ ᦷᦎᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦃᦱᧆ.It was the middle of Vassa and it rained a lot.8.4.1.8Special days4.2.2.2Festival, show4.9.7.5Buddhism2classifierclassifier for periods of Vassa. [Note: This is used to count years.]ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦞᧆ ᦉᦱᦃᧁᧉ ᦞᧆ ᦉᦱ
ᦟᦳᧂ1luŋ⁴5001verb (intransitive)to descend; go downᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦀᦲᧃ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦙᦱ ᦉᦱᧂᧉ ᦷᦟᧅ ᦉᦳᧂ ᦉᦱᧃ.Indra came down and created the world.ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦶᦂᧁᧉ ᦟᦸᧆ ᦝᦱᧉ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦠᦱᧈ ᦚᦳᧃ.He is like a jewel from the sky that came down with the rain.ᦷᦓᧅ ᦢᦲᧃ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦂᦸ ᦺᦙᧉ ᦙᦱ.The bird flew down from the tree.ᦙᧃ ᦀᦹᧃ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦑᦸᧂᧉ.She swallowed it down into her stomach.7.2.2.5Move down8.5.2.5Down2verb (intransitive)to wane (of the moon). [Note: See the note at ᦵᦡᦲᧃ 'month' for a description of the calendar.]ᦵᦡᦲᧃ1 2ᦵᦡᦲᧃ ᧔ ᦟᦳᧂ ᧑᧐ ᦆᧄᧈ.Month four, the tenth day of the waning moon.1.1.1.1Moon3verb (transitive)to get off; go down fromᦟᦳᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ.Go down from the house.ᦟᦳᧂ ᦡᦾ.Go down a mountain.7.2.2.5Move down4post-verbdown (often not translated in English)ᦷᦎᧅ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦈᦳᧄ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦺᦔ.It fell in the water and sank down.ᦕᦸᧃᧈ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦵᦟᦲᧆ ᦟᦳᧄ ᦉᦳᧂ.Reduce your high blood pressure down.8.5.2.5Downᦃᦸᧉ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦷᦎᦃᧁᧉ ᦉᦴᧈ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦠᦱᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦟᦳᧂᦃᦹᧃᧉ ᦟᦳᧂᦷᦎᧅ ᦅᦱᧉ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦃᦻᦏᦽᧉ ᦺᦈ ᦟᦳᧂᦏᦾ ᦟᦳᧂᦗᦻ ᦟᦳᧂᦟᦳᧂ ᦅᦱᧈᦟᦳᧂ ᦉᦲᧃᦟᦳᧂ ᦋᦹᧈᦟᦳᧂ ᦷᦑᧆᦟᦳᧂ ᦙᦹᦟᦳᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᦵᦡᦲᧃ ᦟᦳᧂᦡᦱᧁ ᦟᦳᧂ
ᦉᦸᧉ1sɔɔ³adjectivepurple. [Note: ᦉᦸᧉ is a lighter shade of purple than ᦔᧂ.]ᦔᧂᦎᦳᧃᧉ ᦊᦱᧂ ᦍᦸᧆ ᦉᦸᧉ.Rubber trees with purple tops.ᦡᦸᧅᧈ ᦑᦲᧂᧈ ᦶᦌᧂᧈ ᦉᦸᧉ.Purple lilac flowers.ᦡᦸᧅᧈ ᦶᦌᧃᧈ ᦓᦲᧁᧉ ᦔᧁᧈ ᦶᦨ ᦉᦸᧉ.The morning glories blow their purple trumpets.ᦎᦳᧃᧉ ᦙᦸᧃ ᦈᧇ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦉᦸᧉ ᧞ ᦛᦱᧃ.Mulberry trees bear fruit that is purple and sweet.ᦕᦱᧉ ᦂᧂᧉ ᦃᦳᧃ ᦐᦴ ᦉᦸᧉ ᦊᧂ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦷᦃᧂᧈ ᦝᦸᧃᧉ.A curtain of purple velvet hung across the dancing stage.8.3.3.3.4Colors of the spectrum
ᦔᧂpaŋ¹adjectivepurple. [Note: ᦔᧂ is a darker shade of purple than ᦉᦸᧉ.]ᦉᦸᧉ1ᦉᦲᧃᧉ ᦔᧂ.A purple sarong.8.3.3.3.4Colors of the spectrum
ᦶᦙᧁ1mæw⁴500nouncat. [Note: ᦶᦙᧁ refers to the domestic cat. It is not used generically for the feline family. For felines in general see ᦵᦉᦲ 'tiger'.]ᦵᦉᦲ1ᦷᦎ 5ᦟᦳᧇ ᦶᦙᧁ.Stroke a cat.ᦠᦱᧂ ᦶᦙᧁ ᦟᦱᧆ ᦃᦱ.The cat's tail brushed against my legs.ᦶᦙᧁ ᦠᦳᧄ ᦷᦖᧆ ᦺᦉ, ᦍᦱᧄ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦌᦽᧈ ᦐᦱᧉ ᦌᦽᧈ ᦎᦱ ᦊᦴᧈ.Cats like to be clean; they are always washing their faces.ᦙᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦍᦲᧃ ᦵᦉᧂ ᦶᦙᧁᧈ ᦶᦙᧁᧈ, ᦶᦙᧁ ᦷᦂᧂᧉ ᦷᦎ ᧚ ᦶᦟᧃᧈ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦺᦝ ᦙᦱ.He heard a 'meow-meow', and a spotted cat ran out of the kitchen.6.3.1.6Cat1.6.1.1.2Carnivoreᦷᦓᧅ ᦅᧁᧉ ᦶᦙᧁᦓᦸ ᦓᦱᧉ ᦡᧂ ᦶᦙᧁᦷᦣᧇ ᦋᦱᧂᧉ ᦣᦱᧂᧈ ᦶᦙᧁ
ᦵᦉᦲ1sɤɤ¹500nountiger. [Note: The word 'tiger' is used generically for all felines including house cats, tigers, lions, etc. The word ᦶᦙᧁ 'cat' is not used generically.]Panthera tigrisᦶᦙᧁ1ᦷᦎ 5ᦵᦉᦲ ᦣᦸᧂᧉ.The tiger roared.ᦵᦉᦲ ᦊᦸᧂᧈ ᦦᦱᧂ.The tiger stalked a deer.ᦺᦓ ᦠᦽᧉ ᦑᦱᧂᧉ ᦙᦲ ᦵᦉᦲ ᦣᦻᧉ.A fierce tiger lives in the riverbed.ᦵᦉᦲ ᦜᦸᧈ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦅᦱᧇ ᦀᧁ ᦂᦱᧃᧉ ᦆᦸ ᦙᧃ ᦅᧄ ᦵᦡᧁ.The tiger charged in and grabbed it by the neck.1.6.1.1.2Carnivoreᦂᦱᧇ ᦵᦢᦲᧉ ᦎᦱ ᦵᦉᦲᦅᦲᧇ ᦷᦉᧇ ᦵᦉᦲᦵᦉᦲ ᦷᦆᧂᧈᦵᦉᦲ ᦉᦲᧂᦵᦉᦲ ᦵᦙᦲᧂᦵᦉᦲ ᦟᦻᦔᦱ ᦵᦉᦲᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᦵᦉᦲᧅ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦵᦉᦲ
ᦗᦸᧈpɔɔ⁵500nounfather. [Note: Used pronominally by or when speaking to men. Also, a father is often called by the name of his oldest child. Thus a man whose oldest child is Xam is called Paw Xam (Xam's father). Also used as a title for craftsmen.]ᦶᦙᧈ 1ᦅᦳᧃ1 3ᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦃᧉ ᦐᧅ.Their father was ill.ᦙᦲ ᦞᧃ ᧚ ᦙᧃ ᦢᦸᧅᧈ ᦃᧁ ᦞᦱᧈ: ᦗᦸᧈ ᦺᦆᧈ ᦊᦱᧅ ᦔᦱ ᦶᦠᧂᧉ.One day he told them, 'I am hungry for dried fish'.ᦗᦸᧈ ᦂᦸᧂ ᦁᦱ ᦍᦳ ᦺᦡᧉ ᧒᧕ ᦔᦲ.Kong's father is 25 years old.ᦃᦱᧉ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦗᦸᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦆᧄ ᦜᦸᧈ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦜᦲᧄᧉ.I had a goldsmith pour some gold bars for me.9.6.3.8Honorifics 4.1.9.1.2Father, motherᦀᦲᦰ ᦗᦸᧈᦈᧁᧉ ᦗᦸᧈᦗᦸᧈ ᦀᦻᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦀᦱᧁᦗᦸᧈ ᦀᦸᧅᧈᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦂᧇᦗᦸᧈ ᦃᦱᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦃᦾᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦱᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦸᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦆᦴᦗᦸᧈ ᦈᦱᧃᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦉᧁᧈᦗᦸᧈ ᦋᦻᦗᦸᧈ ᦎᦱᦗᦸᧈ ᦏᧁᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦑᦱᧁᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦓᦱᦗᦸᧈ ᦓᦱᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦓᦱᧂᦗᦸᧈ ᦔᦴᧈᦗᦸᧈ ᦔᦲᧆ ᦎᦱᦗᦸᧈ ᦖᦸᦗᦸᧈ ᦖᦻᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦙᦗᦸᧈ ᦶᦙᧈᦗᦸᧈ ᦷᦜᧂᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦟᧂᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦟᦳᧂᦗᦸᧈ ᦡᦸᧂᦗᦸᧈ ᦢᦱᧃᧉᦗᦸᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃᦗᦸᧈ ᦣᦱᧂᧉ
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ᦷᦎ ᦃᦱᧉtoo¹xaa³500pronounI; me. [Note: ᦷᦎ ᦃᦱᧉ is used among equals.]ᦷᦎ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦎᦲᧄᧈ ᦷᦎ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦡᦲ ᦊᦱᧈ.It would be really good if you helped me.ᦃᦸᧉ ᦅᧄ ᦁᧃ ᦗᦻ ᦅᧁᧉ ᦷᦎ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦷᦊᧅ ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦕᧅᧈ ᦵᦑᧄ ᦓᧃᧉ, ᦅᦸᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦃᦸᧉ ᦅᧄ ᦔᦸᧆ ᦵᦞ ᦟᦱ ᦺᦖᧈ.The words that I chose as examples in the beginning of the essay were modern words.9.2.3Pronounsᦷᦎᦃᦱᧉ1