-m1mv > v1Essive: diverse abstract meanings, often stative2Supraterrestrial: the action takes place in one spot off the ground or floorEssive*kacʰiwmakeep head down
-m2mv > vDirectional: across, pastCausative*nemqaput acrossCompoundšina·mʔṭʰetopDirectional*bihsam2carry (sev. long) across*biʔdim2carry (bunch) across*cihsam2carry, lead (sev.) across*coʔdom1carry across (in container) carry across (supported underneath) ride horse across*cʰikʼi·mmake streak across with stick*cʰiʔdim2carry, lead (one) across*dahsam2carry (sev. heavy) across*daʔdim3carry (heavy) across*dihtim1carry (sev. nonlong) across*dimcarry (nonlong) across*domhold hand out over something*dukʼi·mstreak a streak*hcamfly across*hpʰemcarry across on back*momrun across*nemqaput across*pihciṭʰmabe overhanging low bank*pʰikʼi·mmake streak across with axe*siʔbom1group float across*siʔdim1one float across*šuhsam1lead, pull (sev.) across*šuʔdim2lead, pull (one) across*ʔbem1carry long object across*ʔdamqatwo go across few men go acrossPrefixed*cʰikʼi·mmake streak across with stick*dukʼi·mstreak a streak*pʰikʼi·mmake streak across with axe
-m3mPlural Act: the object undergoing the action is plural, or the act is performed on the same object more than onceoccurs in a variety of contexts, after vowels and consonants; has the form /ma/ after a consonant
mama´pro2nd person Singular Nominative: youBenefactivemiʔkʰe2.Sg Ben 2.Sg PossLocativemitoʔna2.Sg Loc 2.Sg Loc.HObjectivemito2.Sg Obj 2.Sg In.PossVocativenihna2.Sg Voc Infrml
*ma1-n-kingrandmother: father's mother2.6.5.2Woman4.1.9.1.1Grandfather, grandmotherFirst person informal possessorma·manʔ1.Poss.Infrml father's motherFirst person possessorma·sʼenʔ1.Poss father's motherSecond person possessormima·sʼ2.Poss father's motherThird person possessormiya·ma·sʼ3.Poss father's motherThird person reflexive possessormama·sʼ3r.Poss father's mother
*ma2-v-instrput shapeless substanceCompare*ma4put (container)*ṭʼišguessPlural*mat1Prefixed*bama3put shapeless substance with mouth*cama1collect water*cuma2put with round object*cʰimascoop (with instrument)*dama1pick up*dima3put shapeless substance with gravity*himagather shapeless substance*mama1put shapeless substance with sole of foot; with butt of hand*mima1put shapeless substance with toes*pʰima2put shapeless substance with end of long object*šama2put shapeless substance by long object object moving horizontally
*ma4máwvput a container holding liquid or another shapeless substancemi·li má mul ʔput that (container) there!Compare*ma2put shapeless substance*ṭʼišguessPlural*matʰmamost often with a directional suffix
*ma5máwv-mvtone go across or pastmamamago across!mací·duce·dumamá·duce·dukeep going across!kawa·yi biláhwal mabiwhe must have gone acrossSynonym*hayohwimsev. go across*lahwicross*pahṭʰistep over something*pʰima1group go across*ʔdamqa 1two go acrossFree Variant*mam*waone go-m2across
ma-1man-kinReflexive third-person possessive in kinship systemPrefixed*mate·npress with footThird person reflexive possessormahcuṭʼki3r.Poss man's sister's son
*mabahtaqmabáhtaʔPlural of*maba·qacknowledge someone as father-in-law
mabahṭʰemabáhṭʰeplaceBigland: a place east of Elderberry place and north of Tree Sittingʔama·1land, world sky, weather place groundbahṭʰebig important
*mabasʼahmucʼmabasʼáhmuʔv-kinaddress each other according to a paternal grandfather relationship; call each other father’s father and son’s childPlural*mabasʼa·tahmucʼ*mabasʼaqcall someone father’s father