-w1wLocative: in a placesuffixed to a few nounscomp.kuhcawfamily, householdʔahšowon the south side of a large geographical feature (mountain, lake, etc.)loc.bahcawin someone else’s house, especially a non-relative'smaʔcawin the sweathouse, into the sweathouseʔahcawin the house (not necessarily one's own home)
Kashaya - English
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-w2wMovement: obligatory before Directional suffix if the verb does not otherwise denote movement [?]essive*kacʰiwmaface head downward and hold that positiondir.*bahcʰiwa·ducshame, insult, or criticize someone*cuhcʰiwa·lashoot a lot of game, shoot down many (birds); slaughter*daʔṭʼawaypress firmly against something with the hand, and (potentially) break it*diwa·yput (nonlong) alongside*duʔkʼuwa·ladestroy, kill all, wipe out*kacʰiwa·qocʼput head facing down*pahcʰiwa·laspear a lot of game, spear many (fish)*puhkʰewaymove something away or against by blowing*qʼawleave something behind in a location; go somewhere to leave something behindšuhciwa·loqocʼ*šuʔdiwayintroduce to someone*ʔbewayhold a long object against
-w3w1Absolutive: the citation form for verbs, usually translated as an infinitive; the commonest form for the main verb in a narrative when referring to completed action2Absolutive Noun: translated as infinitive, gerund, suffixed or simple noun3Absolutive Adjective: translation may be past participle, present participle, or some other devicen.p.kʼaṭa dacʰulʔclotheslinemace·yacguard*qasu·lmawabs.qasulmáwlong and narrow (of the whole face)synqaṭʼu·smawcf*ṭʼi·sqa·ṭʼusṭʼusucaqʼa·sciwabs.caqʼascíwstreaked, from scratchingcukʰetʰmuʔabs.cukʰétʰmuʔwheelbarrowcuṭʰe·šmawabs.cuṭʰešmáwflared (of bugle)syncuhṭʰecu·ṭʰešṭʰešeduša·mawabs.duša·máwlong, messy, of haircf*dahšac2*šuhšahšahanaca·lawabs.hanacá·law1second crop of fruit (probably second pickings)2last person to gomaʔtʼemʔabs.maʔtʼémʔunderground foot drum [?]qaṭʼu·smawabs.qaṭʼusmáwsmall-faced, with a narrow, small chin, not so longsyn*qasu·lmawwaci·dudur.abs.waci·du´1leader2main onepl.wa·yicʼiwacʼwa·yicʼíwacʼcuhti waci·dun.p.cuhti wáci·duleader's design, a horizontal zigzag line; the most important designfr. var.nohpʰonohpʰo cuhtiqʰama· waci·dun.p.qʰama· wací·dufollowerdial. var.qʰama waci·dufr. var.waci·du qʰama·
-w4wPlural Act: the object undergoing the action is plural, or the act is performed on the same object more than onceoccurs with some stems ending in a vowel; must be followed by the Durative /ad/plur. aff.*hcowad*hpʰitʼpʰitʼiwad*htiwad*laṭʼa·wad*lewad*suwad*ṭʰewad*yiwa*ʔcʼowad*ʔqʼoʔdiwad2*pʰuʔsʼawadplur.pʰuʔsʼawá·dubreak lotscf*pʰusʼa·
*wa-one go, walkrequires Directional suffix*hcalucomp.calúwone arrive, terminate movement, come to a house or destinationsyn*hcalpʰili*hcalʔdahqacf*ma·duc*cohtocdir.cohtóʔ1one leave, go away, start to go2one go upsyn*da·bicʰqa 1*hayomi·bic*pʰilebic 1*cohtocʰqacaus.cohtócʰqawsend (one)this verb serves the function of expected /wa-ibic/, which does not occur*ma5dir.máwone go across or pastsyn*hayohwim*lahwi*pahṭʰi*pʰima1*ʔdamqa 1fr. var.*mam*macdir.máʔ1one go in from here; enter a house, room, building, or other enclosure; walk into a place2one go south or east from heresyn*hayohwimac 1*pʰimac 1*ʔdamacʰqa 1*ma·ddir.ma·duone go within an enclosed place (house, pasture); at a place identified in the context, enclosed or notsyn*hayohwimacʼ*pʰima·cʼ*ʔdamacʼqa 1qʰosʼa ma·dadun.p.qʰosʼa má·dadulate fall or early wintercf*qʰoʔsʼaqʰosʼa· 1*ma·ducdir.ma·dúʔone arrive at a place, go as far as a place, end a journey, return homesyn*hayohwima·cʼic*pʰima·cʼic*ʔdama·cʼicʰqa 1cf*hcalupl. agt.*macʼic*ma·cʼic*ma·qocʼdir.ma·qóʔone go back a few stepssyn*hayohwima·qocʼ*pʰimaqocʼ*ʔdama·qocʼqa 1*šuʔdima·qocʼdir.šuʔdimá·qoʔlead one (person, animal) back a few steps; pull (with a rope)pl.*šuhsama·qocʼ*ma·qʷdir.máʔ1one come in here2one come southward or eastward to here, come from the north or westsyn*hayohwimaqʷ 1*pʰimaqʷ1 1*ʔdamahqa 1*muldir.múlʔone go around to the other sidesyn*hayohwimul*pʰimul*ʔdamulqa 1*mulicʼdir.mulíʔone go around all the waysyn*hayohwimu·licʼ*pʰimulicʼ*ʔdamu·licʼqa 1*waladir.waláw1v-mvtone go downsyn*da·lahqa 1*hayohmala*pʰilala2v(power, disease) possess, enter, descend into a personpl.*wohtola*wala·mecʼdir.walá·meʔone go down off ofsyn*dala·mecʼqa 1*hayohmala·mecʼ*pʰilala·mecʼ*waqdir.wáʔ1one go out from here, go away2one go north or west from heresyn*da·hqa1 1*hayohmaq 1*pʰilaq 1*wahqacaus.wáhqawswallowpl.*wahtahqawahtáhqa*waqacdir.waqáʔ1one go up from here, go up and outsyn*da·qacʰqa 1*hayohmaqac*pʰilaqac2go through (ordeal)*wa·d2dir.wa·du´1one go along (in one direction)2one come toward heresyn*da·cʼqa 1*hayohmacʼ 1*pʰila·cʼ 1*wa·nʔwadcomp.wanʔwadúone go here and there; wandersyn*da·cʼwacʼqa 1*hayom*pʰilatʰmucʼʔama· wa·dun.p.ʔama· wá·dutoddler; child who has started to walkcfnaṭa 1ʔama ciwa·du*wa·ducdir.wa·dúʔone go far, away to a distancesyn*da·cʼicʰqa 1*hayohmacʼic*pʰila·cʼic*woloqdir.wolóʔ1v-mvtone come up to heresyn*da·lohqa 1*hayohmaloq*pʰiloloq2vrun outpl. mvt.*wohtoloq*wolo·qocʼdir.woló·qoʔone come up out ofsyn*dalo·qocʼqa 1*hayohmalo·qocʼ*pʰilolo·qocʼ2*woqdir.wóʔ1one come out toward here2one come northward or westward to here, come from the south or eastsyn*da·hqa2 1*hayohmaqʷ 1*pʰiloq 1woqolliloc.woqólliplace where water comes out but does not flow away; a spring*woqocʼdir.woqóʔone go out from here (without reference to cardinal direction)cf*da·qocʼqa 1*hayohmaqocʼ*pʰiloqocʼ
waci·duwaci·du´1leader4.5.1Person in authority2main oneDurative ofAbsolutive:*wa·c-id-w3Pluralwa·yicʼiwacʼwa·yicʼíwacʼcuhti waci·dun.p.cuhti wáci·duleader's design, a horizontal zigzag line; the most important designfr. var.nohpʰonohpʰo cuhtiqʰama· waci·dun.p.qʰama· wací·dufollowerdial. var.qʰama waci·dufr. var.waci·du qʰama·
-wad1wadDistributive: the action occurs in different places or moves in a haphazard manner; usually translated "here and there" or "about"Plural Agent-iwacʼ-wacʼdist.*bide·nʔwadcarry a bunch here and there, all over, all around*cakʰe·nʔwadmove, scoot around on one's butt or rear end*cukʰe·nʔwadpush something arround with a handle or by holding a small part of the larger object, such as of a wheelbarrow*cʰide·nʔwadcarry (with a handle, or packing on one's back or shoulder) one thing here and there, all over, all around; drag; lead by the hand*dade·nʔwadcarry, move a heavy object here and there, all over, all around*dakʰe·nʔwadpush, move something around with the hand*dide·nʔwadfall floating here and there (as a feather would do)*dikʰe·nʔwadfall slowly; walk slowly, especially if leaning on something to support self*dukʰe·nʔwadmove or push something around with the finger, such as setting an analog clock*hikʰe·nʔwad(someone to) move self, body around*mikʰe·nʔwadmove something around with the foot, such as by kicking*mukʰe·nʔwadmove car around; drive around in car*ne·nʔwadtune*side·nʔwadone float or sail here and there, all over, all around*šude·nʔwadlead one (person, animal) here and there, all over, all around; pull (with a rope)*šukʰe·nʔwadpull, drag something around*wa·nʔwadcomp.wanʔwadúone go here and there; wandersyn*da·cʼwacʼqa 1*hayom*pʰilatʰmucʼ
-wad2wadDurativesyn-ad1-cid-ed-id-med-ucedoptional after the Causative /-hqa/, where otherwise /-med/ is typicalPlural Agent-wacʼpref.*duhqʰawadbother, fool around, mess around with someonedist.*šoqo·nʔwadsit around*banawaddur.banawá·dufool, deceive (by words), play trick on, liecfhaṭʰkʼo 2pl. agt.*banawacʼ*baʔsʼawaddur.baʔsʼawá·dusingcf*cahno 1*hoʔyis*qacʼa·m*qaʔcʼaṭ*tolotolo 1*dunawaddur.dunawá·du1vfool, play a trick on (someone); lie, cheatcf*šiyanci12adjhauntedpl. agt.*dunawacʼʔama dunawadph. v.ʔama dúnawa·du1vspook, haunt2nnightmare, bad dream
*walawaláw1v-mvtone go downpʰala máʔca· walawhe went back down into the sweathouse<ménc'iba pala máʔǯa· walaw> then; again; in sweat house; he went down intosyn*da·lahqa 1*hayohmala*pʰilala2v(power, disease) possess, enter, descend into a personDirectional of*wa-alaPlural*wohtolacomp.ʔahqʰa wala·liat the mouth of the river or streaminstr.ʔahqʰa wala·liat the mouth of the river or stream
*wala·mecʼwalá·meʔone go down off ofsyn*dala·mecʼqa 1*hayohmala·mecʼ*pʰilala·mecʼDirectional of*wa-alamecʼ
waleholyo cʰiṭu·walehólyo cʰiṭu·bead basket6.6.4.2Weaving baskets and mats6.7.7ContainerNominal Phrase:waleholyocʰiṭu·
wale·puwalé·pufeather sorcerer; men who possess magical power by virtue of wearing feather coatswale·pu yaʔ maṭʼawthe walepu has stepped on (you): i.e. you're finishedmu walé·pu ʔdo· mu ˉ ʔihṭʰé ʔdo· mu ˉ šátʰqacʼe·du šiʔba kúʔmu ˉ šáhmaw ˆ. the walépu is said to wear feathers covering his entire body4.9.4.1Sorcery
