Kashaya - English



-tʰvsfxNegative
*tʰalatʰalatʰalatʰálawv-redpleasant stinging feeling on tongue, of peppermint, excess salt
tʰawiltʰawíladj1left (side)anthodotow8.5.2.3Right, left2wicked4.3.1.1Bad, immoral
tʰawilu·towadjleft-hand side
*tʰil1-v-instrtear but not necessarily apart*batʰilpref.batʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apart, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing)*cutʰilpref.cutʰílʔvtear, but not necessarily apart, by means of a rounded object or by the action of water*datʰilpref.datʰílʔvtear, not necessarily apart, by pressing with hand*dutʰilpref.dutʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apart using fingers*hitʰilpref.hitʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apart, with the body*matʰilpref.matʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apart using the sole of the foot*patʰilpref.patʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apart (by poking) with the end of a long object*pitʰil2pref.pitʰílʔvtear, not necessarily apart, with the side of a long object such as a stick*šutʰilpref.šutʰílʔvtear but not necessarily apartcf*šocom*šuhqʰaṭ
*tʰil2-v-instrshow through the dusk*pitʰil1pref.pitʰílʔvshow through darkness
=tʰintʰinadv1not: negation of the preceding clause, verb, noun, or other word or phrase9.4.6.1No, not2Indefinite marker: creates an interpretation of an interrogative pronoun (what, who, where) as an indefinite pronoun (something, someone, somewhere) without any negative meaning, when it immediately follows the noun phrase containing the interrogative3in construction /heʔen ... kʰe tʰin/used with verbs that cannot take the negative suffix /-tʰ/ as well as other parts of speechph. v.ʔama bahtayʔtʰinbe touchy about what is saidn.p.ʔama· ʔdu·ciʔ tʰinignorant, stupid, bad mannersder.hiʔbi meʔ tʰinfrom time to timesometimeph. adj.ʔamacʰimiwʔtʰinthoughtless, ruderude or thoughtless personʔama· htayʔ tʰintouchy, sensitive (in one's feelings); make a fuss over a little scratchin the air, not touching the ground
tʰiwinsʼu·sʼutʰiwínsʼu·sʼunsp. of fish with a horn, horned sea creature; swordfish or shark?1.6.1.5Fish
-tʰmucʼtʰmucʼv > vsfxplural form of the Directional-Distributive suffix combination -ad-wad, indicating movement of several actors "around" or "here and there"syn-ahmucʼincludes the Plural /t/dist.*bisatʰmucʼcarry several long objects in the arms here and there, all over, all around*cisatʰmucʼcarry (with a handle, or packing on one's back or shoulder) several things here and there, all over, all around; drag; lead by the hand*dasatʰmucʼcarry, move several heavy objects here and there, all over, all around*sibotʰmucʼgroup float or sail here and there, all over, all around; several groups (of snow) drift all over*sidetʰmucʼsail around PLUR*šusatʰmucʼlead several (people, animals) here and there, all over, all around; pull (with a rope)plur. aff.*cakʰetʰmucʼ
tʰoltʰolmim-animsound of moving throughcf*hqʰolh*qʰolo 1kʰolqʰolqʰolol*tʰolotʰolofreq.tʰolotʰólowv-redsound of going through brush
*tʰolotʰolotʰolotʰólowv-redsound of going through brushFrequentative oftʰol
tʰutʰu´interjptooey, "I spit on you" (expresses disgust)
*tʰuhti-Plural of*tʰutbreak apart something brittle
tʰunkuhtutʰúnkuhtunPurple fiddleneckPhacelia californica (Waterleaf Family)1.5Plant
*tʰut-v-instrbreak apart something brittlesyn*htʰuPlural*tʰuhti-Free Variant*htʰut*ditʰutpref.ditʰúʔvdrop and break apart something brittle; something brittle fall and break apart*ditʰutʰmaditʰútʰmawvfall apart when droppedpl.*ditʰuhtim*hatʰutpref.hatʰúʔvkick and break*mutʰutpref.mutʰúʔvbreak apart something brittle with fire
-tʰuʔtʰuʔsfxNegative Imperative: used in telling a single person not to perform an actionthe final /ʔ/ is technically a distinct clitic that can be separated from the verb