Vernacular - English


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k


ka1pers prn second singular Topic pronoun, you. This pronoun occurs only as a clitic to verbs and particlesSin-o ka?Who-are you?Dili ka maaram magsakat.You don't know how to climb.synikaw2nd Sg
ka2gram part dependent relation. Marks a dependent relation between nouns and number modifiers. It is untranslateable into EnglishIsad ka adlaw an amo kag an bao nagkaigwa sin away.One day the monkey and the turtle had a quarrel.
ka-1prefixnominalizer. This is a prefix which derives nominals from verbs or adjectiveska-(agi-agi)Nounexperience. The prefix here derives a noun from the verb agi `pass-by'Nagaistorya siya san iya kaagi-agi.He was-relating his experiences.ka-(dulóm)Noundarkness. The prefix here derives a noun from the adjective dulom, "dark"Grabi gayod an kadulom sani.The darkness of-this is really great.For more information on ka- see the Grammatical Sketch, sec. 2.32.
ka-2prefixsuperlative qualityKatugnaw san panahon kun aga baga'n dili ako mabangon.It-is-so-cold in-the morning time that-I-feel-like I don't want to-get up.ka mgaphrase affixintensified quality. In the following example ka-, though written as an independent word, functions as an affix to a whole following phrase to intensify the adjective head word of the phrase. For more information see Grammatical Sketch, sec. 6.91Ka mga buang niyo.How very-foolish you(pl)-are.
ka-3prefixco-participant. The ka- prefix here signals a co-relationship based on the meaning of the stem to which it is affixedka-(upod)Nounco-accompanier, companionWara ako sin kaupod na taga-Masbate.I have-no companion who is-from-Masbate.ka-(klase)Nounco-classman, classmateDamo an amon nakita na mga kaklase didi sa Masbate.We saw many of our fellow-classmates here in Masbate.ka-(amigo)Nounco-friend, fellow-friendTanan na akon mga kaamigo turog na gayod.All of my fellow-friends were really already asleep.ka-(magurangan)Nounco-older-sibling, collective older siblingsMalipay gayod an akon mga kamagurangan.My collective-older-siblings are really happy.For more information on this ka- prefix, see the Grammatical Sketch, sec. 2.34.
ka-...-ancomplex affix group of (noun). Refers to a group of the items identified by the stemka-(adlaw)-ánn group of days, birthday. Birthday is viewed as a group, as for example, the 25th of a group of birthdays. But this word is now used as a singular nounMasadya an mga kaadlawan.The birthdays are happy-times.ka-(apu)-hánn grandchildren, co-grandchildrenSinda an akon kaapuhan.They-are my grandchildren.For more information, see the Grammar Sketch, sec. 1.1.
ka-...-oncomplex affix intensified noun. Derives a noun from a nounka-(agá)-honn early morning. Refers to early morning before dawn (4 to 5 o'clock). For more information see the Grammatical Sketch, sec. 6.92Nakisurmaton pa siya sa inda hasta sa kaagahon.He conversed further with them until early morning.
kaadlawankàadlawánn birthdayKagahapon kaadlawan ko.Yesterday-was my birthday.cfadlaw synkumplianyosbirthday
kaagahonkàagáhonn before dawnInalarga kita buwas na mga alas dos an kaagahon.We are-leaving about two o'clock tomorrow before-dawn.cfaga morning
kaagi-agikàagí-ágin experiencescfagi
kaalokàálon shame, timiditycfalo shame
kaantisankàantisánadj ancient, long-agocfantis before
kaapaankàapàánn deaf mute groupcfapa1 lumpia wrapper
kaapihankàapihánn misfortunecfapi rejected
kaapu-apuhankàapu-apuhánn ancestors, generationscfapo1 grandparentsynkalulululuhanancestorsVariantapo1 ancestorsVariantkàapu-apuhón
kàapu-apuhónn Variantkaapu-apuhanancestors
kaaramankàarámann knowledge, intelligence, intellectNagatalinguha gayod kami sa pagtukdo sin kaaraman sa First Aid.We really are-striving to-teach the knowledge of First Aid.cfaram
kaatomkàátomn diligencecfatom
kaatubangkàatúbangn 1opposite member, facing partner, opponent2companionSi Juan usad san mga kaatubang niya.Juan is one of his companions.cfatubang front part
kaawakàáwàCebn greed, envyAn kaawa amo an nakaparaot san imo pagkatawo.Greed is what ruins your character.cfawa1 envy
kaawaykàáwayCebn enemySi Joselita dili ko kaaway.Joselita is not my enemy.cfaway fight
kaayokàáyoCebadj very good, excellentKaayo san iyo palabas.Your show is very-good.v KA- exp. cure, able to cure, make goodWara siya kaayo san akon sakit.He was not able-to-cure my illness.cfayo1 synmaayomake it goodVariantayuhón
kaayuhankàayuhánn goodnesscfayo1
kab-otkab-ótCebv [c5] MAG- ag; -ON pat; -AN goal/benmagkab-ótv reach up for somethingkab-útonv 1something be reached up for2be reached up for figurativelyKab-uton mo an imo pangarap.Reach-up for your success.
kababayihankababayihánn group of womencfbabayi female