This work grew out of the support and encouragement of dozens of people and institutions. We first thank the contributors, each of whom tirelessly explained words, sang songs, told stories, laughed with us (and at us), and endlessly re peated words for us. Any good parts of this work are due to them; any mistakes are our own. We are grateful to Joyce Bear, Hal Brightcloud, Aaron Broadwell, Alan Cook, Virginia Crowell, Jennifer Davis, Louise Gopher, Don and Heather Hardy, Allen Harjo, Mekko Lewis, Mary Linn, Gloria and Michael McCarty, Jesse Mercer, Tim Montier, Pam Munro, Jennie Shore, David Skeeter, Bill Sturtevant, Tim Thompson, Madeline Tongkeamha, and Akira Yamamoto for advising and helping us in the making of this dictionary. Pam Munro introduced Martin to Creek and shared her knowledge of the Muskogean languages. Mary Haas, David Cline, Willem de Reuse, and Bill Sturtevant kindly allowed us access to their field notes. Don Hardy helped us process older texts. Margaret Mauldin's daughter Deanna Mauldin drew the illustrations commissioned for this work. The students and staff of the Oklahoma Native American Language Development Institute discussed issues of spelling with us and encouraged us in our work. Norman Tribbett, Louise Gopher, Jennie Shore, Sarah Sampson, and Susan Stans helped us make friends in Florida. Mary Frances Johns helped us sort out bird names and other vocabulary in Florida. Stuart Hannah helped develop and administer a pilot survey of Creek dialects. Doug Parks and Jeanette Nakada provided able editorial advice.
We are grateful to the UCLA Linguistics Department, the University of North Texas, the Whatcom Museum, the Phillips Fund of the American Philosophical Society, William & Mary, and the National Endowment for the Humanities (RT-21566-94) for funding our research.
Contributors
Linda Alexander (Oklahoma Seminole)
Edna Bear (Muscogee)
Rosie Billie (Florida Seminole)
Abraham Bunny (Muscogee)
George Bunny (Muscogee)
Helen Bunny (Muscogee)
Joanna Freeman (Oklahoma Seminole)
Felix Gouge (Muscogee)
Juanita Harris (Oklahoma Seminole)
Toney Hill (Muscogee)
Shula Jones (Florida Seminole)
Willie Lena (Oklahoma Seminole)
Juanita McGirt (Muscogee)
Walter McGirt (Oklahoma Seminole)
Lucy McKane (Muscogee)
John Pigeon (Muscogee)
Sarah Sampson (Florida Seminole)
Alice Snow (Florida Seminole)
Tim Thompson (Muscogee)
Mary Lee Walker (Oklahoma Seminole)
Nettie Walker (Oklahoma Seminole)
Robert Washington (Muscogee)
Audio Contributors
Linda Wood (Muscogee)
George Bunny (Muscogee)