Sm’algya̱x - English


t


-t1conjunction3rd person ergative particle, used as a 'placeholder' attached to the clause-initial tense or aspect marker or conjunction, to signal that the following common or proper noun subject is 3rd person; used as the subject in transitive sentences Lu yaaka'nu g̱am wil yaayu ada wilt 'waayu haas.The dog followed my tracks and found me. Adat 'woo wekt dis Kayla, łgusliism hana'axt, dzi ła supper da sah gya'wn.And he invited his brother and Kayla, his niece, for supper today adat gyik 'woo nts'i'its Edna ada aamsg̱abuu gyet.and he invited Edna's grandmother and also a few other people Ła dmt gaba hoon.He/she/it/they is/are just about to eat fish.9.2.3.6Personal pronounsTs-H7Pronouns
-t2verb > verbtransitivizing derivational suffix; derivational suffix; biargumental (turns an intransitive verb into a transitive verb Ada 'nii małdit da k'oy.And that’s what he told me. K'o'oltu nag̱ats'aawt.I forgot the other ones. k'yandida la̱x akshe put it on the water "Wayi, niił," dayag̱at, 'nii wila waalda gwii, dm baaldn, 'ap luk'wil aam," dayag̱at."Now see," he said, "that is how it's done, you will try, it's really good," he said.9.2.9.3Derivational affixesTs-P3Interjections, imperatives, particles, function wordsStem with modifying proclitic:gyidigaatcatchunderstandgyiwilanooltgive permission; let go byksak'o'oltforget; forgiveksi łootstick something outunspec. comp. formniistlook; seeluksts'aa'wnttransitive_verbsurround (note that the final -t on this word doesn't change to a -d before a connective; this is because it is a derivational suffix)siwaattransitive_verbcall something; name somethingsiwaatkintransitive_verbcalled
-t3t(a)tconnective that may be used before some time adverbs such as daawł, gyits’iip, gya’wn, gyik'ooł or before phrases beginning with asi or wil (not always used; never before an adverb introduced by a preposition such as da). Ła quarter to 8 wil phones Rickyt daawł.Ricky phoned at quarter to 8 this morning. Aynt gyits'iip.Not yesterday. K'waat'isi'nut gyits'iip.I missed them yesterday. 'Nii gyik 'nahawt ła phonedit gyaatk.That’s what she said again when she called last night. Ada t'iilł g̱̱oo'yiksa gyipaa'ynsgit daawł.And the plane came early a while ago.
-t4t(a)tconnective joining to following proper nouns or definite noun phrases. Used with proper nouns which are not marked for location and are subjects or objects in the high style. usage: Used with proper nouns that are objects in the everyday style. Niidzas Nadint Isabelle.Nadine saw Isabelle. Nat niidzut Clarence.Clarence saw me. Łat 'nisga̱tgitga awtat 'niit.The porcupine made fun of him. Phonetut Norm.I phoned Norm. Ksm G̱anhadat Kayla.Kayla is a anhada woman.9.2.9AffixesTs-P3Interjections, imperatives, particles, function wordscf-as1
-t5t1pronoun_personalhe/she/it/they/him/her/it/them - 3rd person absolutive pronoun, singular or plural used as a subject in intransitive sentences and as a object in transitive sentences Ada gyik wil xswooxsgit.And he dove again. "Wayi, wah, dm k'a di gwiniits'ndu na ha'l'ig̱almiilgu da k'wan," dayag̱a, "g̱al."'Now, okay, I will show my playground to you he said, 'come on.'9.2.3.6Personal pronounsTs-H7Pronouns2pronoun3rd person possessive pronoun, singular or plural. Adat yedza n'wii wa̱xłt a la̱x aks.And he hit the water with his big tail.9.2.3PronounsTs-H7Pronounsgüüdiskintransitive_verbgather; harvest foodŁa hoya̱xtinterjectionThat's enoughnłüütintransitive_verbundersgüüdat siipganounsickness (Lax Kw'alaams dialect)sityaawda g̱ootintransitive_verbchange one's mindwaaltsi'ininterjection1could be, maybe2could be; maybe
-t6transitive_verb > transitive_verbtransitive t. Unlike the transitive -i, the transitive T has two forms. In independent clauses, the transitive T appears as a verbal suffix ‘t’ (often appearing as [d] due to the voicing rule), which appears before the transitive vowel. In dependent clauses a vowel (schwa) appears in this position instead. Transitive -t only appears with a small set of verbs (-t verbs) including sityaaw ‘change’ meł/mał ‘tell’ a’pax ‘remember’ dzakw ‘kill’ gwelk ‘burn’ gats ‘pour’ gaa ‘take’.Nah dzakwdu wan.I killed a deer.Akandi dzagwił wan.I didn't kill a deer. (note, the -i in dzagwił is an instance of "transitive -t" which sppears as -t in independent sentences and as -i in dependent sentences.)Ap’axdu will loomt gyik’ooł.I remember what we did years ago.Akandi ap’ag̱an.I don't remember you. (note: in this sentence, in the transitive verb ap'ag̱an, the 3rd a is actually an instance of "transitive -t" which appears in dependent sentences as a vowel, either i or a depending on the preceding sound. in this case it is -a following the back g.Gaadu ksit’aax’toox.I took an orange.Dm małdit da kwan.He will tell it to you. (note: małdit has both “transitive -t" and "transitive i" as well as a 3rd person pronoun.)
ta siilgitnounolder ones awil luda̱kwłag̱n ta siilgit.because the older ones were drowned.
taag̱a̱ntaa/*g̱a̱nnounplank, board, especially the kind taken from a live tree Ksidaawła k'üülda taag̱a̱n da boot.One plank came out of the boat. G̱al 'wii'naga taag̱an ḵ'odzn.The plank you cut is too long.6.5.3Building materialsTs-MArtifacts, material culture & manufactured thingsCompound ofg̱a̱n3la̱x taag̱a̱nnounfloorboardstaag̱a̱nmbootnounboat planks
taag̱a̱nmbootnounboat planks Taag̱a̱nmboot nah hoy nagwaadu ndat dzaba diwaaytgm boot.My father used boat planks when he made a rowboat.6.5.5.1Parts of boats6.2.5.4Plant productTs-M4.2Parts of boatsCompound oftaag̱a̱n-m3boot
taalaantaa/*laanbehind (pl.)intransitive_verbbehind (pl.)Taalaan g̱ayuu 'noołgit wil maadza baan.Drummers are at the tail end of the marching band.Taalaan dip gwa̱'a̱ da k'oy.Those guys are behind me.singular: Y3;

restrictions: y
tag̱ooxtaa/*g̱oox1intransitive_verbbe ahead (pl.); precede̱ go ahead of someone; ahead of one Gwiloon dip gwa̱'a̱ tag̱oog̱it.Three of them are ahead. Tag̱oog̱at Terry da k'oyTerry is ahead of me Ada al g̱ałgwisgüüda na tag̱oog̱it das 'niit łat wil txal'waat.And the people that died before her are happy to meet her (again).2nounpeople who are aheadNa g̱aniyaatgm tag̱oog̱it dawila dit 'nüüm.Our grandfathers were ahead of us and now it's our turn.8.5.5Spatial relationsTs-Y3Seriation
Tak'waannoun1Taquan - Tlingit name for the site of New Metlakatla, AlaskaTs-H2Peoples & language groups4.6.7.5First Nation or non-aboriginal language group2New Metlakatla, Alaska Hasag̱u nm gyik ts'ilaayu Tak'waan.I want to visit New Metlakatla again.Ts-Q8Community9.7.2Name of a place
tasgyenta/*sgyennounwhetstone Tasgyen 'a̱p hoys nagwaadu łat sisag̱a hałabiisk.My dad always uses the whetstone to sharpen his knife. Tasgyen 'a̱p hoys nagwaadu łat sisag̱a hałabiisk.My father always uses a whetstone when he sharpens a knife.6.7ToolTs-M1Tools, weapons, belongingsTs-M1.0GeneralTs-MArtifacts, material culture & manufactured things
taymtaymnoun1timeDziła sgüü taym a k'oy.When I have time!Ła hooyag̱a taym dm wil gukt.It's time for her to cook.Goo ła 'waaydu taym?What time is it?8.4.3Indefinite timeTs-Y2Relative time, duration2timeligi lip wils taympronounanytime
Image from PAP v23, Bonus Graphics CD.taym 1
Image courtesy of Aboriginal Ed, SD 52taym 1
test-entry-re-upload-12-aug-2020
-tgatgaconnectivepredicative connective; usage: Used with common nouns which are absent from the place of speech and are agents in the high style. Ni'nii wilt anooxtga sts'ool.So that is what beaver agreed to.9.2.9AffixesTs-P3Interjections, imperatives, particles, function words
-tgatnounpredicative connective; usage: Used with proper nouns which are absent from the place of speech and are agents in the high style.9.2.9AffixesTs-P3Interjections, imperatives, particles, function words
tgi=tgimodifier_verbdownTgi g̱al'oodas Sam suu noołs Mildred.Sam dropped Mildred's new dishes.da sa tgi g̱osa gyipaaynsk, gyidza ksa g̱asg̱osa na g̱ag̱al'oosm dis Fumiko.and the plane dropped and Fumiko’s and our stomachs almost jumped up.7.2.2.5Move downTs-C1Relative location & directionDialect Variant:k'yi=Stem with modifying proclitic:lu kidaawła na ksinaałklose one’s breathlutgiḵ'a̱xholegwistgima̱xmaaxinounrainbow blanket; has many vertical colours and is a prized possession. This term may be used for the Hudson’s Bay blankets with stripes, which were used for trade and worn at feasts. tgi ak'aksm maadmintransitive_verbsleet; wet snowtgi aya̱waaintransitive_verbcall downtgi daawłintransitive_verbsink; go downtgi daawła gyemkintransitive_verbset (of the sun)tgi da̱xskintransitive_verbswoop downtgi dzoołintransitive_verbslide downtgi g̱ol1intransitive_verbspill; empty; dump (of a solid object)tgi g̱ol21transitive_verbtear down2intransitive_verbtumbledowntgi ḵ'apaytkintransitive_verbfall downtgi łoointransitive_verbslide downtgi ma̱xtransitive_verbput downlu tgi ma̱x1transitive_verbput right intolu tgi ma̱x2intransitive_verbbury someonetgi 'oksintransitive_verbfall downtgida̱xya'wa1nounhalibut line2intransitive_verbfish halibut3jigging - fishing by raising and lowering a hook and line into the watertgididaalxintransitive_verbspeak down when fishing; also a euphemism for to jig or fishtgig̱oydiksintransitive_verbcome downtgihaba̱xintransitive_verbfall down; cave in; collapselu tgi haba̱xintransitive_verbcollapse; cave intgiłaantkintransitive_verbmove downtgiłoolskintransitive_verbput down (usage: Refers specifically to the process of putting a hemlock down during the herring run to collect xs'waanx.)tgini'itskintransitive_verblook downtgip'ilp'altgm kslüüsknounbutton down shirttgit'uus1transitive_verbpush down; press downtgit'uus2transitive_verbsubmergetgiyaaintransitive_verbwalk down; go down; descendtgiyaa sahnounsundown; sunset; dusktgi'oytransitive_verbthrow down
Image courtesy of Aboriginal Ed, SD 52, Wa̱p Sig̱atgyettgi=
tgi ak'aksm maadmtgi/ak/*'aks/m/*maa/dmintransitive_verbsleet; wet snow tgi ak'aksm maadmWet snow is falling. Ła yaa tgi'ak'aksm maadm.Wet snow is falling. Gwaantga tgi ak'aksm maadm.Sleet has set in.Ts-A4.1Water - PrecipitationTs-B1Weather1.1.3.4Snow, ice, frostCompound oftgi=ak'aksmaadmCompound oftgi=aksmmaadmDialect Variant:kyi'ak'aksm maadm
tgi aya̱waatgi/a/ya̱/*waaintransitive_verbcall down Tgi ayawaat nabiibu da la̱x'oo waap adat gyilks huutgu.My uncle hollered down from the roof of the house calling me back.3.5.1.4.1CallTs-P2SpeakingStem with Modifying Proclitic - based ontgi=aya̱waa
tgi daawłtgi/*daawłintransitive_verbsink; go down Hoy hats'iikwsa̱ awaan ła dm tgi daawłm.Use that bailer there, we're sinking. Tgi daawła boot.The boat sank.7.2.2.5Move downTs-L2.1Vertical planeTs-L2MovementStem with Modifying Proclitic - based ontgi=daawł1Dialect Variant:k'yidaawłtgi daawła gyemkintransitive_verbset (of the sun)
Image from PAP v23, Bonus Graphics CD.tgi daawł
Image from PAP v23, Bonus Graphics CD.tgi daawł
Image from PAP v23, Bonus Graphics CD.tgi daawł
Image from PAP v23, Bonus Graphics CD.tgi daawł
tgi daawła gyemkintransitive_verbset (of the sun) Aka k'a tgi daawł gyemk, da xa̱lxoolga gwii.The sun hadn't even gone down and they were crispy. Idiom oftgi daawłgyemk
tgi da̱xskintransitive_verbswoop down "Gyiloo dza ts'ilm nikni'itsgism dziła tgi da̱xsgił xsgyiik a na g̱anu xsgyiigu". "you shall not look in when you see the eagle swooping down into the eagle snare." "Gyiloo dza ts'ilm nikni'itsgism dziła tgi da̱xsgił xsgyiik a na g̱anu xsgyiigu". "you shall not look in when you see the eagle swooping down into the eagle snare." Stem with Modifying Proclitic - based ontgi=daxsk
tgi delintransitive_verbmake a fuss
tgi doo'yiltga sahinterjectionthe days are getting longer Ła gooym, ada ła tgi doo'yiltga sah.It is spring, and the days are getting longer.