Search results for "kami"

pinninghan (der. of pinghan) adv. sometimes; occasionally; infrequently; once in a while. Pinninghan on nagawidak. I occasionally go home. Pinninghan on inayagan dakamih bale da. We are occasionally invited to their house. ‑inn‑. Time. Sim: oggan. (sem. domains: 8.4.3 - Indefinite time.)

pindang 1trans. to dry slices of meat over a fire or in the sun; dried meat. Pindangom nan dotag. You lay the meat out to dry. Ipindang mu nan makawa. Dry the venison. Mamindang hi ama nah atop mi. My father is drying the meat on our roof. Pun-ipindang na nan dotag di baka. He is drying the beef. Napindang mo. The meat is already dried. Pumpindang yun am-in nadan dotag. Let all the meat dry. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, maN‑/naN‑, ma‑/na‑, puN‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 5.2.1 - Food preparation.) 2nom. dried meat or fish. Pinindang di impahida dan dakami ad Potia. They fed us with dried meat in Potia. ‑in‑.

paytuk 1intrans. to move, by jumping up and down. Adida ni-an iha-ad hi luta yaden pumaytuk nan himmagabi nah hagabi ta gumpa. Before they place the bench on the ground, the man who is performing the ceremony jumps up on it and makes a speech. Mumpaypaytuk ya mungkuli te hidiyey pinghanan ena nakidilagan hi allama. She jumped up and down and screamed because it was the first time she went to catch crabs with a torch. Kanan Juliey, “Dakol di in-innat mi. Nungkanta kami ya pimmaytuk kami. She said, “We did many things. We sang and we jumped.” ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑ CVC. 2B Movement, change of position. Sim: labtuk, yapa; Sim: dop-a, labtuk, yapa. (sem. domains: 7.2.1.1.3 - Jump.) 2trans. to jump over something with the object being jumped over in view. Paytukom din alad hin kayam. Jump over the fence if you can. ‑on/‑in‑.

parada comm. a parade. Dimmatong kami ad Lagawe ya nipalpu mo tuwaliy parada. When we reached Lagawe, the parade had already started. (sem. domains: 4.2.2.1 - Ceremony, 4.2.2.2 - Festival, show.)

para₂ 1adjunct. this word is said when riding a vehicle upon reaching a destination. Para! Hitu kami mo. Stop! We’ll get down here. Interjection. (sem. domains: 9.2.7 - Interjections.) 2v. to stop a vehicle to ride or alight. Mumpara nan nunlugan yaden ugge dingngol nan munmaneho. The passenger told the driver to stop but he did not hear. Mumpara kami handi nala-u kayu mu ugge yu intikod. We were asking you to stop when you passed by but you didn’t stop. Paraon yu nan tolak an mangali. Stop the vehicle that is coming. Paraom hin mipottok takuh bale. Stop the vehicle when we are directly in front of our house. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑on/‑in‑.

paldang₁ 1intrans. beside; alongside. Numpaldang kamin Mayor dih program. We sat beside the Mayor at the program. muN‑/nuN‑. Sim: dongte, hunnup, hag-on. (sem. domains: 8.5.1.2 - Beside.) 2trans. to place something alongside someone or something. Ipaldang mu nan golang ke inana. Place the child beside her mother. Paldangom hi tulang mut tibom ta adi mag-a. Stay beside your brother so that he will not fall. Mipaldang kan ha-oy hin mangan taku. You will stay beside me when we eat. i‑/iN‑, mi‑/ni‑, ‑on/‑in‑. 3A Move and position object at site. der. kapaldang der. pinaldang

palang 1comm. a wound from a bolo. Ongal nan palang nah odog na. The wound on his back is big. (sem. domains: 2.5.3 - Injure.) 2trans. to cut by striking with a bolo. Palangom nan hapang di akasya te umalih tuh atop di tubuna. Cut the branch of the acacia-tree because the leaves come to the roof. Mumpalang dah kawayan handi mala-u kami. They were cutting bamboo when we passed by. Pinalang Ramon nan kaiw. Ramon struck the tree with his bolo. Mapalang di taklem hin athina di pangdon mu nah otak. Your hand will be cut if you hold the bolo that way. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑ muN‑/nuN‑, ma‑/na‑. Tactile - Touch contact. 3rec. to wound or kill each other with bolos. Mumpinnallang da lummu nah koltog di luta. They will kill each other with bolos because of a land dispute. muN‑ ‑in‑/nuN‑ ‑in‑. 4v. to attack with a bolo, usually with intent to kill. Etaku tedeyan tuwe nan mun-angon pumalang. Let us go because the crazy man will cut us with his bolo. ‑um‑/imm‑.

pala 1comm. a shovel with a short handle. Nan pala di pungkaum nah lugit. Use the shovel in scooping the dirt. Alam nan pala ta gaudom nan pitok. Get the shovel and scoop the mud with it. Sim: baung, bangbang, gaud, huklay. (sem. domains: 6.2.8 - Agricultural tool.) 2trans. to shovel something with a short-handled shovel. Palaom nan lutan nitabab nah kanal. Shovel the earth that is blocking the canal. Pinala na nan lona nah kalata. He shovelled the sand on the road. Ipalam nan ka-gattang. Use the newly-bought shovel. Mumpala da handi mala-u kami. They were shovelling when we passed by. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4D Release, remove or detach object. (sem. domains: 7.3.2 - Move something in a direction.)

onom 1adj. six, cardinal number. Onom day imbabalek. I have six children. Kanan nan in-inay "Ek ihulul tun onom an itlug hi manteka." The old woman said, "I’m going to barter these six eggs for lard." Number quantifier. (sem. domains: 8.1.1.1 - Cardinal numbers.) 2adj. sixty. Nan-om dan am-in an immed Lagawe. They were sixty in all who went to Lagawe. na‑. 3comm. six each. Hin-on-om kayuh pah-onon nah itungu. Carry six apiece of the firewood. hiN‑. 4adj. sixth in a sequence. Ha-oy di mikan-om ke dakamin hintutulang. I am the sixth in the family. mika‑. (sem. domains: 8.1.1.2 - Ordinal numbers.) comp. himpulut onom der. hin-on-om der. nan-om

olwang 1comm. flash flood in a river due to heavy rains in upper portion of the river. Adi kayu madinol an mungkekeh nah te mianud kayu hin umali nan olwang. Don’t just swim there for all you know the flash-flood will just carry you away. (sem. domains: 1.3.1 - Bodies of water.) 2intrans. to have a flash flood. Immolwang ya nianud nadan oongal an kaiw. There was a flash-flood and the big trees were swept away. Mun-olwang handi ekami umali kinali imbangngad mih bale. There was a flash-flood when we were about to come, that is why we went back home. ‑um‑/imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑.

olom 1intrans. to be suspicious. Mun-olom an maki-e nadah ibaliwon. He is suspicious about going with the lowlanders. Umoloolom handi mangali kamih tu. He was always suspicious when we were coming here. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Sim: madla. (sem. domains: 9.4.4.6.1 - Think so.) 2trans. to distrust someone or something. Oloman dan makikan nah inhaang mu. They distrust what you cooked. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an.

odon₂ trans. to hold; to carry something held in hand. Indonak nan gampana ot mange kami. I held (and carried) the basket and we went. Adim odnan di uwa te mag-od ka. Don’t hold the knife because you’ll be cut. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. Sim: kawot, kapet. (sem. domains: 7.3.4.4 - Hold.) infl. mangdon

ngelak (sp. var. ngilak) 1comm. the yelp of a dog. Dingngol miy ngelak di ahu handi hilong mu ugge kami bimmuddu. We heard a dog yelp last night but we did not go out. (sem. domains: 2.3.2.2 - Sound.) 2intrans. for a dog to yelp. Mumbutikak an ek tinibo antipet mungngelak nan ahuk. I ran to see why my dog was yelping. muN‑/nuN‑. 3intrans. the continuous crying of a child. Mungngelak nan golang te naagangan. The child is crying continuously because it is hungry. Ngumelak nan golang hin adiyu indat painuman. The child will cry if you do not nurse it. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑.

nganat (sp. var. ngana-) int. why; interrogative pronoun that asks the reason for something. Kanan Juliey “Nganat edakami hinalaman an binangun?” Julie asked, “Why did you wake us up so early?” Oha bo ya ngannat etaku bayadan? One thing more, why should we pay? Sim: tipe. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.5.1 - Reason.)

nuN- TACR. 1this prefix encodes past tense and durative time aspect; it cross references the subject and is the default affix for Class 1 verbal roots. <Morphophonology: The velar consonant in coda position assimilates to the point of articulation of the first consonant in the root.> Nip-ot bo te nundogo ot mate. To top it all off, he fell sick and died. Om, te maid di hilhilbi hin ugge ta nun-adal ya maid di ngunu. Yes, because one is as good for nothing without education (lit. have not learned) and without a job. 2past tense, signals a durative aspect activity rather than a punctiliar action when co-occurring with a transitive verbal root, cross references subject. Nuntudokak ke hiya nimpe. 3when the prefix co-occurs with the reduplicant CV(C)-, it encodes past tense, durative-continuative aspect and cross references the subject. 4when this affix co-occurs with Class 6 verb roots, it changes statives to durative processes; it encodes past tense and cross references the subject. 5the prefix derives verbs from nouns; it encodes past tense and cross- references the subject. Man-ut nun-iskul mu ingganah grade four ya abu. He took formal education to grade four only Nun-ampuyo kamin am-in an binabai. All of us women wore the Ifugao skirt. 6the prefix encodes past tense, reflexive and cross references both the subject and object expressed in a single noun phrase. Indani ya naatu da nin nundopap. After a while maybe they were tired of grappling with each other.

nipalpu pass. refers to the starting of an event or a time. Dimmatong kami ad Lagawe ya nipalpu mo tuwaliy parada. When we reached Lagawe, the parade had already started. Nipalpu mon diye ya adik pinhod an kumayat takon di niakhop nan kaiw. Since that time (lit. starting at that time), I do not like to climb even small trees. (sem. domains: 8.4.6.1 - Start something.)

naki- -an participatory. this circumfix encodes the concept of participation in an action or activity; past tense; cross-references the object referent. Makulug, ina. Tinibo mi. Nakihummangan pay ke dakami, kanak. “It’s true, mother! I saw her. She even talked to us,” I said. Sim: maki-₁, maki- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

naki- participatory. this prefix encodes the concept of participation in an action or activity; it cross-references the agent-subject; past tense. Hi Mariay nakiali ke ha-on. Maria came with me. Nakiatuwak damdama handih nakingunuwak. I was also tired when I joined in working. Nakitanom hi ama na ke dakami. His father joined in planting with us. Sim: maki-₁. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

na- 1pass. this prefix derives the past tense passive form of Class 4 verbal roots. Dakol kami an naamung nah plaza an munhood kamih lugan. Many of us gathered at the plaza to wait for a ride. 2sta. past form of stative, co-occurs with stative verb roots.

nah det. a determiner that marks a definite indirect object or a definite place or time noun. Mumpaha-ad kah basket nah ubunan. Have the basket placed on the seat. Miha-ha-ad dah nah muyung ta nangamung di magibbuy hagabi. They camp in the forest until the hagabi-bench is finished. Athidi bon nah hilong ta adi ka pakahuyop. The same is true at night so that you cannot sleep. Mun-ay-ayam kamih did dola ya timmaddog on bibiyo nah hinangngab mi, inhumang ku. “We were playing in the yard and a fairy stood in front of us,” I answered. (sem. domains: 9.2.4 - Prepositions, postpositions.) nadah

mungginawa (infl. of munggawa) v. middle of the night. Mungginawa dih dimmatong kami. It was midnight when we arrived. muN‑ ‑in‑.

mun-am-amlong (infl. of amlong) intrans. to feel happy. Nanongnan mun-am-amlong kami. We are still very happy. muN‑/nuN‑.

muN- -in- this prefix encodes the distribution of an action or activity denoted by a verb over time or space. Mundingngol an nangapput kah tugal. It is being heard that you won in gambling. Mungginawa dih dimmatong kami. It was midnight when we arrived.

muN- TACR. 1this prefix encodes non-past tense, durative time aspect; it cross-references the subject and is the default affix for Class 1 verbal roots. <Morphophonology: The velar consonant in coda position assimilates to the point of articulation of the first consonant in the root.> Mungngahngahak yaden mungkaliyak hi bale mi. I gasped for breath and yet I shouted at our house. Itikod mun muntugal an ap-apuk. Stop gambling, grandson. An mun-in-inop ka? Inid-onah nunhina-ob an pukol ku. “Are you dreaming?” She held me by my shoulders. 2non-past tense, signals a durative aspect activity rather than a punctiliar action when co-occuring with a transitive verbal root, cross-references subject. Dakol kami an naamung nah plaza an munhood kamih lugan. Many of us gathered at the plaza to wait for a ride. Ta mundadaan dah ibaddang dan hiya. So that they will prepare whatever they will give to help. Katatakut pay an e bumah-el te dakol di talak an muntutun-ud. It is even dangerous to cross the street since there are many buses lined up one after the other. 3when the prefix co-occurs with the reduplicant CV(C)-, it encodes non-past tense, durative-continuative aspect and cross-references the subject. Deket palhu di pangiha-angam, mahapul an uggan mu ikiwa ta mun-iingngoy lutu na. If a skillet is used, it is necessary to stir the rice from time to time so that it will be cooked evenly. Mumpaypaytuk ya mungkuli. She was jumping up and down and screaming. 4when this affix co-occurs with Class 6 verb roots, it changes statives to durative processes; it encodes non-past tense and cross-references the subject. Mihmihdi nah munhihilong ya nah kakaiw an dakol di hapang nan mahdol di tubuna. It stays in dark places (becoming dark) or in trees with thick, leafy branches. Deket dakol di binokbok na ya mapul-ukan an mumpait. When too much binokbok-yeast is used, the wine will become bitter. 5the prefix derives verbs from nouns; it encodes non-past tense and cross-references the subject. Ya pinhod ot Mayor ya dakol day binabain mun-ampuyo. What the Mayor wanted was that many women would wear the Ifugao skirt. Mumboga da ya mungkail da. They prepare rice and make wine. Adina itikod an mumbaki te wadanwaday takut na an kumpulmin tiempu ya mate. He does not stop doing the rituals because his fear is that he might die at anytime. 6the prefix encodes non-past tense, reflexive and cross-references both the subject and object expressed in a single noun phrase. Mahapul an mamitlu kan mun-amo ohan algo. You have to take a bath three times a day (bathe yourself). Imme dah hilong ot muntalu da nah e-elena. They went while it was dark and hid themselves outside of the camp.

mumboble (der. of boble) intrans. to settle in a village; to live in a place; habitate. Mumboble kami nah muyung. We are going to settle in the forest. Diday bimmoble hitu. They are the original settlers of this place. Mahapul an munnanong kayun mumbobleh di. It is necessary that you remain living there. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑.