Tuwali Ifugao - English


a
b
c
d
e
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
ng
o
p
r
s
t
u
w
y

k


kakb’og sta. a thudding sound as of something falling; muffled thud. Nag-a nan niyug ya nakakbog. The coconut fell with a muffled thud. ma‑/na‑. 6C Process or state of inanimate objects. (sem. domains: 2.3.2.3 - Types of sounds.)
kay’a adjunct. adds emphasis to a statement; in fact, certainly, definitely. Kanan Rosa di umed Manila mu adi kaya. Rosa said she is going to Manila but in fact, she is not. Adika kaya mahaul. Don’t ever be tempted (even if they insist)! Immi-ingleyak an pinhod kun umanamut mo indani bo kaya ya uminghaak. I felt so lonely that I wanted to return home, but after a while I definitely became adjusted. Hinae toan bumdang hidiyen bokon kaya hi Lammooy. That is what I don’t know, roaming spirits there, but definitely not Lammooy. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.6.3.2 - Markers of emphasis.)
kid’ul 1comm. thunder, the sound caused by the sudden expansion of air in the path of an electrical charge (lightning). Dingngol mu nan kidul? Did you hear the thunder? (sem. domains: 1.1.3.6 - Lightning, thunder.) 2intrans. to produce the sound accompanying lightning; to thunder. Kimmayat hi Pedro ya kimmidul ot mag-a. Pedro climbed when it thundered and he fell. Nanginkikidul yaden pun-ilubuk dah apu ya kalyon da boy panio. They were burying my grandmother when all at once it thundered and they said it was a bad omen. Mungkikidul yaden maid di kil-at. It is thundering yet there is no lightning. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 2F Meteorological. Amkidul
kint’og comm. a blanket with off-white color smaller than the balawang; mostly used as a baby blanket. Nan kintog di iulo yu nah golang an nahuyop. Use the small-blanket on the sleeping child. Sim: balawang. (sem. domains: 5.1 - Household equipment.)
kit’i intrans. a rustling sound made by insects, animals or man’s movement. Kumitikiti nadan balaingan nah karton. The cockroaches in the cardboard box are making a rustling sound. ‑um‑/‑imm‑ CV(C)CV. (sem. domains: 2.3.2.3 - Types of sounds.)
kom’ong trans. 1refers to the sharp curved nail on the toe of an animal or foot of a bird; claw. Ya deke on madudulnu ya dimmukkey buuk nan umat hi dutdut di tuldu ya dimmukkey kukunan umat hi komong di hamuti. (Daniel 4:33b) And he was drenched with dew and his hair grew long like an eagle’s feathers and his fingernails were like the claws of a bird. (sem. domains: 1.6.2.1 - Parts of a bird.) 2may refer to the foot of an animal; paw. Hanadan naten aggayam an opat di huki dan waday komong da ya mibilang dan adi malinit.....(Libiticus 11:27a) Those dead animals that have four legs and paws are counted as unclean... (sem. domains: 1.6.2 - Parts of an animal.)
koy’e trans. to loosen the knot of something that is tied. Koyayon yu nan gakod di apatut na. Loosen his shoelace. Koyayom nan balikit mu. Loosen your belt. ‑on/‑in‑. 4D Release, remove or detach object. (sem. domains: 7.5.2.4 - Remove, take apart.)
kulab’ut 1comm. cloud. Ahi umalih Jesus hi udum hi algo an mid-um hi kulabut. One day Jesus will come amidst the clouds. (sem. domains: 1.1.3.2 - Cloud.) 2intrans. to be cloudy. Mungkukulabut kinali wada bo nin di nal-ot an udan. It is cloudy that is why there might be a strong rain again. muN‑/nuN‑ CV.
kut-’ong trans. to hit the top of the head of someone with knuckles of fingers. Kut-ongon daka man hin mungngohe ka. I will hit you on the head if you are obstinate. ‑on/‑in‑. Tactile - Touch contact. Sim: kongkong. (sem. domains: 7.7.1 - Hit.)
kuty’ang comm. frog species that is thin. Kinan nan ulog nan kutyang. The snake ate the frog. Sim: tukak, tukyang. (sem. domains: 1.6.1.3 - Reptile.)
ka pers. you; second person, singular pronoun; member of Set 2 subject pronouns; cross-referenced by the verbal affix. Hin-uddum an adika mangan. At times you don’t eat. Joan, deyan ume ka mo ahan tut-uwah college. Joan, you are now finally going to college. Maid ka handi hilong hi balen da Juan. You were not in the house of Juan last night. (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.)
ka-₁ 1nominalizer. this prefix nominalizes an adjective or verb. Handih kaittay na ya ammunay Clinic an wadad Kiangan. When he was young/little, there was only a clinic in Kiangan. Nah kadakol di tatagu ya mahapul an halipat-an di pihhu With the large number of people, you have to be careful with your money. Katatakut pay an e bumah-el te dakol di talak an muntutun-ud. It is even very dangerous/frightening to cross the street since there are many buses lined up one after the other. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.3 - Derivational affixes.) 2dervN. the affix renominalizes a noun, changing the meaning. Manomnom kun handi keh kau-unga mi ya wadaday nihag-on kediyen ob-ob hi o-ongal an batu I remember that when we were children (lit. childhood), there were big rocks beside the same spring Nipalpun dih kagolang na inggana kediyen kimmat-agu ya maphod di pangi-ena. From the time of his childhood until he was a young man, his nature was good.
ka-₂ (sp. var. kaC-) asp. this prefix encodes the time aspect of an action, activity or event as being completed in the immediate past; just completed. <Morphology: The form ends in a glottal stop indicated by a hyphen ka-; it should be noted that it is a prefix.> Istolyaon dan handi kanu ka-gibbun di gubat ya namahig di banig. They say that after the second world war ended there were many incidences of ghost appearances. Ka-iali na nan liblu. He just brought the book. Ka-datong da. They just arrived. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)
ka-₃ TACR. this prefix encodes a neutral or present tense that co-occurs when the CV(C)CV reduplicant highlights a continuous activity. Kapalapalang nah dulung. He keeps on cutting the floor. Kakalikali ka yaden adik maawatan. You keep on talking yet I cannot understand. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)
kaag comm. monkey; ape. Dakol di matataw-an an aton di kaag. There are many funny things that a monkey does. (sem. domains: 1.6.1 - Types of animals.)
kaalgoalgo (infl. of algo) nom. everyday. Kaalgoalgo on mungngunu taku. We work everyday. ka‑CV(C)CV‑. (sem. domains: 8.4.5.1.5 - Regular.)
kaan 1removal of something. 1.1trans. to remove something. Kaanom nan lugit hi bulwatim. Remove the dirt on your dress. ‑on/‑in‑. Class 4D Release, remove, detach object. Sim: longdada. (sem. domains: 7.3.2.7 - Take something out of something.) 1.2trans. to remove part of a substance with the partial component in focus. Kumaan ka nah dotag da Pedlo. Remove some from the meat of Pedro. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1.3trans. to remove part of a substance with a directional component in focus. Ikaan mu nah bokalaok. Deduct it from my wages. i‑/iN‑. 1.4trans. to remove part of a substance with a site component in focus. Kaanan yu nan pah-onok te madam-ot. Remove some of what I’m to carry because it’s heavy. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 2removal of something. 2.1nom. to remove oneself from a job; resignation. Namodwong nah em pungkaanan. She was surprised at your resignation (lit. removal). puN‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 7.2.7.1 - Stop moving.) 2.2nom. the removal of something. Takon ad uwani ya hay pangaan hi dogoy pangipuunan di dakol an tataguh pangulug da. Even today, healing (lit. removal of sickness) is the foremost reason that many people have faith. paN‑.
kaasi 1comm. pity; mercy. Maid di kaasi yu nadah nawotwot. You have no mercy for those who are poor. (sem. domains: 4.4.4.1 - Mercy.) 2trans. to pity someone. Kanan Pangkayyo- “Lammooy, pangpangaasim man adika nah dalan te umeyak hi bale a, an nahilong.” Pangka said er...”Lammooy, will you please (lit. pity me) get out of the path because I am going home, see, and it’s dark.” paN‑. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
kaatan (der. of at) nom. refers to something specific that happens Ya maid di nanginilah kaatan tuwe, abunah APU DIOS. (Zechariah 14:7b) And no one knows how this will happen, only the LORD.
kaatna int. 1how many; how much; the question implies that the number or quantity is unknown to the interrogator. Kaatnay toon mu? How old are you (lit. how many years)? Kaatna tun igattang mun dotag? How much is this meat you are selling? (sem. domains: 8.1 - Quantity.) 2what; may be used to question the features of something, e.g. size. Kaatnay kadukke na? What is its length?
kaba 1comm. basket made of rattan strips tightly woven, without handle and 8-10” high with a square bottom and rounded top, carried on the head; head basket. Kinapya nah kaba nan uwe. He made the rattan-vine into a head-basket. (sem. domains: 6.7.7 - Container.) 2trans. to place things in a head basket; use the head basket. Nganney ingkabam? What is in your basket? i‑/iN‑. 3A Move and position object at site. Sim: gampa, balyag. (sem. domains: 7.3.2.6 - Put in.)
kababaiyan (fr. var. baiyan) (der. of babai) comm. lone female in brood
kabablayan (der. of bobleyan) nom. town-mate; barrio-mate. (sem. domains: 4.2.1.7 - Crowd, group.)
kabaelan (infl. of bael) 1comm. refers to the ability to do something; may also be used to refer to the power to do something. Maid kabaelanan mangibbu. He does not have the capability to finish it. (sem. domains: 9.4.2.1 - Can.) 2sta. to have the ability to perform an action or task. Maid di mabaelan da. They cannot do anything. ma‑ ‑an. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
kaban₁ 1comm. a measure of rice; a container with 50 kilos of rice. Deket kalyon day ohan kaban an boga on limay pulun kilo kinali hingkaban di upuwon dah ohan bulan. If they say one container of rice is fifty kilos that is why one container is what they consume in one month. (sem. domains: 8.2.8 - Measure, 6.7.7 - Container.) 2trans. refers to a container that has been filled with 50 kilos of rice. Kinaban di gattangonah boga te dakol da. He buys rice by the kavan-container because there are many of them. ‑in‑. Language Of Borrowing: Spanish.