Search results for "aman"

iN- TACR. 1this prefix encodes past tense, a punctiliar time aspect and cross-references the direct object with the conveyed semantic role; it is a member of the default affix set for Class 3 verbal roots. Inha-ad da nan basket hi bale. They placed the basket in our house. Sim: i-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.) 2this prefix encodes past tense and punctiliar aspect; it derives a transitive verb when it co-occurs with Class 1A intransitive movement verbal roots and cross-references an object that moves with the agent, e.g. to bring something or to take something. In-alik nan liblum. I brought your book. 3this prefix encodes past tense, punctiliar aspect, and cross-references an instrument object with Class 4 verbal roots. Indikhal na nan matadom an wahe. He used the sharp ax to split wood. 4this prefix encodes past tense, punctiliar aspect and expresses a manner component related to the phrase or clause in the direct object NP position of the main clause. Initpol nay takut nan kananah nomnom nay kapyana nin. He endured/controlled his fear and thought maybe that’s just its nature. Indalan da Bugan nah papayo. Bugan and her mother walked through the ricefields. 5this prefix encodes past tense; co-occurs with a time aspect adverbial predicate and cross-references the clause embedded in the object NP position of the main clause. Intuluy nan mangan inggana nabhug. He continued to eat until he was satisfied. Intikod nan muntugal te binungotan ama na. He stopped gambling because his father scolded him. 6this prefix encodes non-past tense, derives a verb from a noun, and the object is usually incorporated though a specific object may be explicit and cross-referenced. In-akbut na nan bulwati na. He backpacked his clothes. 7this prefix encodes past tense and punctiliar aspect; it co-occurs with speech verbs and cross references the object that refers to what is said. “Mapopotangan ka ya abuh di,” inhumang amana. You will just be standing in the sun,” answered his father. Inun-unud day imbagan Pablo ot ahi pumhod nan unga. They did what Pablo told them and the child got well.

imo 1trans. to forbid the eating of snails after a baki ritual. Iimon nan mumbaki di mangan hi battikul. The Ifugao shaman forbids eating snails. i‑/iN‑. 3I Direct action toward object. (sem. domains: 4.9.5 - Practice religion.) 2intrans. to abstain from eating certain food when certain rituals have been performed. Mun-imoh Dulnuan te numbaki. Dulnuan will not eat (snails) because he performed some rituals. muN‑/nuN‑.

ilmu (infl. of lumu) trans. to long for former times, to feel nostalgic; to long to see someone. Ilmu na da amanan inana, kinali kumga. He misses his father and mother, that’s why he cries. Il-ilmuk handih kaungak. I miss my boyhood days.(I wish these times were like my boyhood times.) i‑/iN‑. Sim: iliw, ingle. (sem. domains: 3.4.2.1.5 - Lonely.)

i- -an TACR. this circumfix cross-references a beneficiary-object of an action and encodes non-past tense and punctiliar aspect. I-ang-angam hi bulwatih inam. Look for a dress for your mother. Igaudam hi inam te nain-ina mo. Spade for your mother because she is old already. Mahapul an ibakiyan ya ahi pinumhod. Instead a shaman has to perform a ritual for him to make him well. Deket munda-guh da ya mahapul an painuman ya ipaltiyan nan kon bale. If they should stop at a house, the relative must give them wine and butcher a pig for them. Sim: iN- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

idat 1to give. 1.1trans. to give something. Idat mun am-in di pinhod na. Give him all that he wants. i‑/iN‑. 3B Move and release object. Sim: idawat. (sem. domains: 7.4.1 - Give, hand to.) 1.2trans. to give something to someone; the person to whom the thing is being given is referentially prominent. <The recipient is cross-referenced by the affix.> Idatam hi kanona. Give him something to eat. Indatan dah Pangkah ittay hi dotag ot kanana ot di mun-iyan ad Mamangan. They gave Pangka a small piece of meat and told him to spend the night at Mamangan. ‑an/iN‑ ‑an. 1.3trans. to give an amount of something; the important component is an unspecified amount of a specified thing to be given. Umidat kah pihhu ta botosan daka. Give out some money and we will vote for you. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1.4trans. the one giving money is contrasted with others, and referentially prominent. Hiyay nangidat hi pihhuk. He was the one who gave me money. mangi‑/nangi‑. 2sta. to be generous; refers to someone who freely gives to others. Makiddat hi Juan. Juan is very generous. infl. mangidat infl. midatan

iba 1relative 1.1comm. sibling or cousin, relative of the same generation. Adugam tun ibam Take care of your brother/sister. Deket kanan nan tagu di humagabi, ipainila na ni-an hi iibana When a man decides to perform the ‘hagabi’, he must first inform all his relatives. Sim: manang, ag’i, tulang, kamang. (sem. domains: 4.1.9.1.3 - Brother, sister.) 1.2n. a companion. 2intrans. to be related. Mun-iba da. They are related. muN‑/nuN‑. 3trans. to be related to someone specific. Da Dulawan di ibaon nad Lagawe. The Dulawans are their relations in Lagawe. ‑on/‑in‑. id. pun-ib-ibat nangamung

huyop 1sta. to sleep. Eka mahuyop te gawan mon di hilong. Go to sleep because it is already midnight. Handih nadilagan nan danum ya tinibon Malyay dakol an allaman mahmahhuyop nah babatu. When the torches lit the water, Malya saw many crabs sleeping on the stones. Athidi bon nah hilong ta adi ka pakahuyop. The same is true at night so that you cannot sleep. ma‑/na‑. 6A Physiological Process - State. Sim: ka-ok, yongyong. (sem. domains: 5.7 - Sleep.) 2trans. to sleep with someone; euphemism for committing adultery. i‑/in‑. (sem. domains: 2.6.2.3 - Sexual immorality.) der. kahuyopan infl. ihuyop

humang to answer or converse. 1.1to answer a comment or question. 1.1.1intrans. to answer; to reply. <The infix gives prominence to the action of answering.> Nomnomom on ahika himmumang. Think before you answer. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Speech verbs. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.5.1 - Answer, 3.5.1.5 - Ask.) 1.1.2trans. to answer. <The prefix cross-references the object, the words used to answer.> An hinaey ihumang mun ha-oy? Is that your answer to me? “Mapopotangan ka ya abuh di,” inhumang amana. “You will just be standing in the sun,” answered his father. “Om, mama” inhumang nadan iimbabalena. “Yes, mama,” the children answered. i‑/iN‑. 1.1.3trans. to answer someone. <The object is cross-referenced with either the person or his words having referential prominence.> Ek ot humangon mu uggek te tinibok an bimmoh-ol. I was about to answer him but I didn’t because I saw that he was angry. Humangom nan kinalina. Answer what he said. ‑on/‑in‑. 1.2trans. to converse; talk together; to make an agreement. Munhummangan kayu. You converse with each other. “Makulug, ina. Tinibo mi. Nakihummangan pay ke dakami,” kanak. “It’s true, mother! I saw her. She even talked to us,” I said. Nakihummangan hi uncle ot magibbuy nunhummanganan da ot tumayan kamih di. My uncle spoke to him about his woodcarvings and when they finished their conversation, we left there. Indai ot ya abut mangalin nahho- wa-el, inang ay, waday munhuhummangan. Later on, he was approaching the er...creek, he saw...there were voices conversing. muN‑ ‑an/nuN‑ ‑an, maki‑ ‑an/naki‑ ‑an. infl. hummangan infl. munhuhummangan

hon’ag 1trans. to send someone on an errand. Honagom hi Pedro ta ena ayagan hi amana. Send Pedro to call his father. ‑on/‑in‑. 4F Adjacency/Adjoining actions. Sim: tud-ak, baal, gitgit. (sem. domains: 7.3.3.3 - Send.) 2intrans. to arrange a marriage. Munhonag da kanu da Dulnuan hi balen da Allaga. They say that the Dulnuans are sending a messenger to arrange a marriage with the Allagas. muN‑/nuN‑.

hol’ok 1comm. grass, generic term. Ginabut ku nan holok nah dalan. I cut the grass on the way. Deket e mangan, umukmun ni-an hi mahampot an tubun di holok. Before it eats, it first swallows coarse grass. (sem. domains: 1.5.3 - Grass, herb, vine.) 2sta. to be very grassy; describes an area that is very grassy. Maholokan bo tedeyan immudan. It will be grassy again because it rained. ma‑ ‑an. 3comm. medicinal grass; usually made up of hapid with oil and ginger with Japanese grass. Eyak mungkodoh holok hi clinic. I went to ask for medicine at the clinic. 4trans. to treat with medicine; to cure with medicine. Doctor, holkam anhan hi ina. Doctor, please cure/treat my mother. Adi humlok di alcohol. Alcohol does not cure anything. Damanan mahlokan/maholkan di tibi. Tuberculosis can be cured. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, ma‑ ‑an, um‑/‑imm‑. 5comm. marijuana. Kumdowak hi holok yu. May I have some of your grass.

hiya₂ pers. he, she, it; third person, singular pronoun; a member of Set 4 subject pronouns; preposed before the verb and cross-referenced by the verbal affix. Hiya nan madle an deh Conbento. Mu nalpud Belgium kinali mablay bolat na. She is a nun in the convent. But she is from Belgium, that is why her skin is white. Hiya ke ya pakappinhod da aman inana ya hi apunan hi Dulnuan. He loved his father, mother and grandfather Dulnuan. (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.) n. ph. ke hiya

himmalaman (der. of halaman) advpred. time modification of an action or event. Himmalaman ad nakugab an immed Kiangan. Yesterday in the early morning, he went to Kiangan. Time. (sem. domains: 8.4.1.2.3 - Time of the day.)

hilod 1intrans. crying that is interspersed with gasps; to sob. Munhilhilod hi Jody te hinuplit amana. Jody is sobbing because her father whipped her. muN‑/nuN‑. 1D Sounds. Sim: hibok. (sem. domains: 3.4.2.1 - Sad.) 2comm. sobs Dingngol kuy hilhilod na. I heard her sobs.

hil-am trans. to burn the surface of something; to sear lightly; to singe. [One method of cooking young rice.] Tibom ot ta adim hil-aman di atop. Be careful that you don’t burn the roof. Nahil-aman nan kide na handi hinap-udana nan apuy. His eyebrows were singed when he blew on the fire. Ihil-am mu nan daun ta yumam-o. You sear banana leaves so that they will be soft. Ihil-am taku tun ballu. We will sear the young rice. i‑/iN‑, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, ma‑ ‑an/na‑ ‑an. 3I Direct an action toward an object. (sem. domains: 5.5.4 - Burn.)

hilap 1comm. vision; dream; usually portentous, foreshadowing. Mumbaki da te hay hilap na. They will perform the ritual because of his dream. (sem. domains: 5.7.2 - Dream.) 2trans. to have a vision or dream about someone or something. Hinilap na da amanan inana. He had a vision of his (dead) father and mother. say. Hay kiphodan weno kadadagan ya hilapon di mata.

hiktam trans. to undergo actions or events; to learn about something through experience. Ad-adiy hiniktamana ad baliwon. He had a bad experience in the lowlands. Pinhod kun hiktamak di maphod an biyag. I want to experience a good life. Hanan imbabalena di nunhiktam hi pundisiplina That child of his is the one who has experienced his discipline. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. Sim: gikna. (sem. domains: 3.2.2 - Learn.)

hikop sta. to be spirit-possessed. Nahikopan nan imbabale na. Her child is possessed. Nihkop hi aman Juan ke Maria. The spirit of the father of Juan possessed Mary. ma‑ ‑an/na‑ ‑an, mi‑/ni‑. (sem. domains: 4.9.4.2 - Demon possession.)

hikal trans. to think about something; to suddenly think of someone or something that is not usually thought of. Antipet adiyu ihikal di mangan? Why don’t you think about eating? Inhikal na da amanan inana. She suddenly thought of her father and mother. i‑/iN‑. 3I Direct an action toward an object. Sim: namnamat, nomnomon. (sem. domains: 3.2.1.1 - Think about.)

helikopter 1comm. helicopter. Inumpa nan helikopter nah pun-ay-ayyaman. The helicopter landed in the playground. (sem. domains: 7.2.4.1.1 - Vehicle.) 2intrans. to ride in a helicopter. Munhelikopter dan umed Tinok. They are going to ride in a helicopter when they go to Tinoc. muN‑/nuN‑. Language Of Borrowing: English.

hapad₂ 1comm. a hand of bananas; bunch of bananas. Kinan kuy hinhapad an balat. I ate a hand of bananas. hin‑. (sem. domains: 5.2.3.1.2 - Food from fruit.) 2trans. to break or cut into individual hands of bananas. Hapadom nan balat. Cut the bunch of bananas into hands. Hinapad na nan tinbal amana. He cut the bananas gathered by his father into hands. ‑on/‑in‑.

halaman 1advpred. to be early in the morning. Humalaman kan umalih bigat. Come early tomorrow. Ohan biggatna ya himmalaman dan nangan. One morning they ate very early. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Time. (sem. domains: 8.4.1.2.3 - Time of the day.) 2trans. to do something specific early. Halamanom an umali. You come early. Kanan Juliey “Nganat edakami hinalaman an binangun?” Julie asked, “Why did you wake us up so early?” ‑on/‑in‑. 4B Tactile - Touch contact. der. himmalaman

ha-oy (sp. var. ha-on) pers. I, first person, singular pronoun; a member of Set 4 subject pronouns; the form is preposed before the verb and functions as a topicalized agent-subject; the form is cross-referenced by the affix on the verb. Ha-oy mangipaali nah talak hitu. I will have the truck come here. Ha-oy ke ya handih wada ak ad Linda hi balen nan iban aman nih-adak I am the one who was in Linda staying at the house of my father’s relative at that time. (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.)

hablag intrans. to bring a 3rd-day bereavement gift, particularly the responsibility of the in-laws of the family. [The 3rd day of a death vigil is the day of feasting so that is when relatives and in-laws bring the bereavement gifts.] Himmablag hi Juan dih natayan aman baket na. Juan brought a pig when his father-in-law died. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. wh: Dangli. (sem. domains: 6.8.3.1 - Give, donate.)

gulatna conj. signals a condition or situation that results in or would result in an event or situation that would be different had the preceding condition or situation not existed. if only; had it not been for. Gulatna ta ugge immali ya wadan umeyak ta ek tibon. If he had not come, I would have gone to see him. Gulatna ot ta waday pihhu ya wadan ugge nate. If there had been money then he would not have died. Gulatna nin ta maid di mundogo nadah mangulug ke Apu Dios ya maid da nin di mumbaki Maybe if none of the Christians would become ill, there would be no more shamans. Athidi bon gulatnat mama-id am-in di mumbaki ta hiya ya abuy matdaan Like that also, if there are no shamans except for him (sem. domains: 9.6.2.8 - Condition.) der. munggulat

gub’at 1comm. war; refers to a violent, armed conflict. [Within the history of Ifugao, this word when used alone usually refers to World War II.] Waday dawdawwatonah pensiyon te tindalu handih gubat. He is receiving a pension because he was a soldier during the war. Dakol di nate handih gubat. Many died during the war. Waday duwan gubat an impala-u taku mo. We have already experienced two wars. (lit. we have been caused to pass through) Istolyaon dan handi kanu ka-gibbun di gubat ya namahig di banig. They say that after the second world war there were many incidences of ghost appearances. (sem. domains: 4.8.2 - Fight, 4.8.3 - War.) 2wage war. 2.1intrans. to wage war. Munggugubat da ad Vietnam. They are at war in Vietnam. muN‑/nuN‑. 2.2trans. the information focus is the people upon whom a war is being waged. Gubaton ditaku nadah gaga-ihoy nomnom da. The evil-minded will wage war on us. ‑on/‑in‑. 2.3trans. the information focus is on those who will be involved, i.e. participate in waging war. Inamung nan am-in nadan tatagunan damanan makigubat. He gathered all the people who could join in waging war. maki‑. der. mangubat infl. makigubat